Crimes in a village-in-city : the case study of Tang Village in Shenzhen
城中村犯罪研究 : 以深圳唐村為例
Student thesis: Doctoral Thesis
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Award date | 3 Oct 2014 |
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Permanent Link | https://scholars.cityu.edu.hk/en/theses/theses(19bc6732-bdd9-48aa-ae53-94ca23adb852).html |
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Abstract
As a special social phenomenon, villages-in-city were created during the rapid
urbanization in China. Rapid urbanization brings villages-in-city a high density of
population and buildings and a lack of municipal facilities and public services, and all
these factors have generated numerous crimes, making villages-in-city the crime
hotspots of city.
This study aimed to establish an analytical framework by integrating existing crime
theories to analyze villages-in-city. Thus, the individual, community, and macro
levels of crime analysis were integrated to establish a comprehensive analytical
framework designed to describe the diverse key factors of the causes of crimes at
multiple levels.
Among the villages-in-city in Shenzhen, Tang Village, which had 20,737 floating
people and 215 residential buildings, was chosen for this in-depth study. The
methodological practices used were in-depth interviews, participant observation and
archive studies.
At the community level, Tang Village showed obvious features of a socially
disorganized community, namely, poverty, high residential mobility, and high
heterogeneity. At the individual level, the suitable targets in Tang Village were
analyzed in terms of defense awareness, living space, economic prosperity,
popularization of electronic products, and routine living. The daily activities of migrant workers in villages-in-city are very restricted. Making substantial changes
may be difficult for migrant workers even though they have been victims of burglary
and robbery.
As to the offenders, the monotonous operation of the factories in the village adds
pressure on the migrant workers. Two factors play important roles in leading the
youths into crime. One factor is the originality and regional network, and the other
factor is the influence of gangs. Robbery, theft, fighting, threats, monopoly, and
gambling comprise the diversified survival system of offenders.
The crime prevention system comprises various forces in Tang Village, such as the
police, comprehensive assistant coordinator (Zonghe Xieguan Yuan, 综合协管员 ),
security guard, landlord and technical prevention. However, every security force
seems to be facing its own problems, which have weakened crime prevention in this
village.
At the macro level, for over a decade, various external forces have brought great
changes to Tang Village. Social policy and social movement can rapidly reduce the
number of crimes in Tang Village, however, they lead to the displacement of crimes.
Governmental investment and construction projects in nearby areas do not appear to
have obvious effects on crime rate in the whole city of Shenzhen, but from the
long-term point of view, these two factors will basically destroy the social structure
and system that fosters crime in Tang Village.
Crimes in villages-in-city are not driven by simple criminal behaviors. Continuous construction of buildings, poor economic situation of residents, and limited space
have turned these villages into suitable environments for breeding criminals. However,
changes in the urban area structure have also changed the population structure of the
village, which, in turn, changed the structure of the community. Viewed in terms of
life course, the problem of crime in villages-in-city is a problem of community
reorganization, not just disorganization, which involves changing an old balanced
state to a new balanced state.
In general, villages-in-city are very similar to slums in the West in terms of physical
appearance and related social and environmental problems. Nevertheless,
villages-in-city are essentially different from slums. Social disorganization in slum
areas is caused by economic recession; however, the social disorganization or
reorganization of village-in-city community has been caused by fast economic
development.
- Rural conditions, Villages, Urbanization, China, Crime, Shenzhen Shi, Tang Cun (Shenzhen Shi, China), Shenzhen Shi (China)