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On semantic Web services composition and contracting

  • Hai LIU

    Student thesis: Doctoral Thesis

    Abstract

    As a newborn paradigm for integrating Web services with semantic Web technology, semantic Web services (SWS) have been followed with vast interest from research community. Particularly, semantic Web services composition and contracting have been identified as among the most prominent issues in SWS arena, but a number of obstacles remain pending and unsolved nonetheless, such as the semantic gap among partner services, process compliance verification, and business rules analysis, etc. The heterogeneity nature of Web services also bring in challenges for their interoperability and manageability. Different partner services can adopt syntactically different terms and vocabulary to express the same semantics, and vice versa. Even worse, Web services may exacerbate this gap since many of them are QoS-oriented, and those QoS parameters can be defined by different equations and matrix in practice. This semantic gap is imposing great impact on various issues of semantic Web services composition and contracting. A semantic Web services composition or contracting process usually involves both Web services orchestration and choreography. Moreover, many complicated constraints, such as inter-task constraints, need to be incorporated into the control flow of the overall contracting process. Accordingly, they also need a general verification methodology to check their compliance so as to ensure each partner to cooperate correctly. Meanwhile, business rules are very important for guiding various Web services’ cooperation. However, the current de-facto standards barely provide any abstract and high level guidance to design and implement business rules, making it a particularly time-consuming and error-prone task. Moreover, due to that service contracting usually involves multiple parties whose interests and concerns may vary from each other, there is no guarantee that the designed business rules can work together in a compatible, efficient and logically correct way. For instance, there may be potential conflicts among those rules, which may put the overall process into the jeopardy of inconsistency. In this regard, rule analysis and verification for services contracting are urgently required to augment the reliability and usability. In this thesis, we address our work on four aspects: process modeling, semantic verification, rule analysis, and exception handling. First of all, we choose a formal variant of Description Logics, namely, ALCQO(Q*), which is capable of extending the conceptual modeling ability of classical DLs with process modeling and numerical constraint representation ability, while still retains decidability for major reasoning problems. Secondly, we propose a general modeling and verification mechanism for Web services composition. To provide a general guidance for users, we articulate a suite of transformation rules to automatically rewriting a workflow-based Web services contracting process into our ALCQO(Q*) framework, while can be regarded as harmless w.r.t. the overall reasoning complexity. Moreover, the verification process can be built on the transformation result and benefit from its soundness and completeness. Thirdly, we propose a semantic analysis mechanism for business rules. We choose ALCQO(Q*) as the underlying logic, and provide a formal mapping to transform ECA rules, so that the semantics in the original ECA rules can be captured and are computationally traceable. To this end, we further investigate some important properties for business rules, namely, redundancy, termination and conflict, and propose several sound and complete algorithms to resolve them. Lastly, we propose to capture exception contexts to facilitate exception handling in a composite service. Particularly, we present a mechanism to capture external exception contexts from partners’ applications through Contexts enhanced Web Services Conversation (CeWSC), which introduces just a minimal overhead by an effective use of SOAP header and acknowledgement. Moreover, we also provide an enhanced event-driven mechanism to incorporate exception contexts into exception handling for a composite service to facilitate its flexible and reliable execution.
    Date of Award15 Jul 2010
    Original languageEnglish
    Awarding Institution
    • City University of Hong Kong
    SupervisorQing LI (Supervisor)

    Keywords

    • Web services
    • Semantic Web

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