中國家族企業職業化的影響因素及績效研究

Abstract

Family business is a universal organizational form worldwide, which has an important impact on the process of global economic development. In China, since the reform and opening up, family enterprises have sprung up, which is an important micro basis for China's rapid economic growth and has contributed to China's employment, taxation and economic growth. Nowadays, with the aging of the older generation of entrepreneurs, the inheritance of family enterprises has become a very urgent and important problem.

The decision on the inheritance of family business is not only the family’s internal affairs, but also the affairs of the enterprise. These decisions determine the core leadership of the future enterprise and the strategic development ideas and implementation results of the enterprise. However, the relevant theoretical research on Chinese family enterprises is not perfect, especially for the problem of "inheritance". The discussion on Professionalization is also insufficient. In order to complete the inheritance successfully, Chinese family enterprises not only need the wisdom of business owners, but also need to use scientific decision-making theories and methods, through the promotion strategy and implementation process in line with business logic, complete the inheritance successfully, and finally achieve enterprise performance.

Based on system theory and strategic theory, this paper makes an in-depth study on the influencing factors and performance of the professionalization of Chinese family enterprises by using the methods of empirical analysis and case analysis. Firstly, starting with the environment of Chinese family enterprises, this paper analyzes the general trend affecting the professionalization of Chinese family enterprises. The external environment analysis starts from the two dimensions of macro environment and industry environment, and the internal environment starts from the change of family environment. It points out that Chinese family enterprises are facing many change opportunities. The changing trends of China's family business system environment include: legal system, trust system, technology upgrading, clarity of property rights and so on. Summarizing the trend of environmental change, this study believes that the progress of the environment makes Chinese family enterprises more and more suitable to promote the process of professionalization. This paper analyzes the contradiction and internal motivation of the professionalization inheritance of family enterprises, and preliminarily abstracts some propositions of the professionalization of family enterprises.

Then, combined with theoretical research and case analysis, this paper constructs the research model and gives the theoretical hypothesis. This paper focuses on the impact of industry barriers, technical content, talent reserve and diversification on the professionalization degree of family enterprises and enterprise performance, and puts forward some hypotheses. The data of listed companies over the years are collected through Wind and CSMAR databases, and the research hypothesis is empirically studied by multiple regression analysis. The empirical results show that:

(1) Trade barriers have an inhibitory effect on the degree of professionalization; Technical content, talent reserve and diversification significantly impact the degree of professionalization. This paper puts forward three management enlightenment: the professionalization of family enterprises is a strategic issue and an important sub-strategy of the development strategy of family enterprises; The professionalization of family enterprises should be considered and studied under the framework of the company's development strategy. The professionalization of high barrier traditional industries is not an urgent problem, and the transformation and development is the primary problem; Attaching importance to talent allocation and establishing talent echelon is the foundation of the enterprise.

(2) By studying the relationship between the degree of professionalization and enterprise performance, it is found that there is a significant positive correlation between the degree of professionalization and enterprise performance, which also confirms the importance of the above-mentioned talent strategy. It is found that organizational inertia can play a positive regulatory role, and good organizational inertia is the factor for professional teams to win good performance. Two management inspirations are put forward: establishing a good talent introduction, training and management system; Establishing the organization and process supporting the strategy to form a strong organizational ability.

(3) It is found that technology content and talent reserve have a positive effect on enterprise performance, while industry barriers and diversification do not necessarily promote enterprise performance, and the verification result of the intermediary effect of professionalism is a partial intermediary effect. Three management inspirations are put forward: establishing excellent enterprise ability, especially technical ability and talent management ability; Looking at diversification rationally from a strategic perspective. After diversification, we must configure corresponding professional teams; enterprises should establish barriers after gaining competitive advantage, but they should not indulge in barriers. Innovation and breakthrough is the eternal theme.

Based on the current research results, this paper systematically analyzes the background, influencing factors and the relationship with performance of family business professionalization, reveals its internal mechanism, and enriches the theoretical research in this field. Through empirical research, this paper clarifies that the design of professionalization strategy should fully consider the business characteristics of the enterprise. The success of professionalization is closely related to the organizational structure, process and cultural construction. Professionalization is one of the ways to the success of family enterprises. This paper’s research process and results can provide reference basis for enterprise management and have certain guiding significance in practice.

Date of Award	14 Dec 2021
Original language	Chinese (Traditional)
Awarding Institution	City University of Hong Kong
Supervisor	Zhong NING (External Supervisor) & Junbo WANG (Supervisor)