Wireless accessing of salivary biomarkers based wearable electrochemical sensors: A mini-review

The seemingly inevitable advancement in non-invasive monitoring of biomarkers in saliva has spurred wearable electronics and miniature electrochemical sensors to help us lead a comfortable, healthier life. Saliva is a readily available biofluid with rich components such as electrolytes, metabolites, and protein biomarkers. However, fabricating a flexible tiny wearable platform tethered to the body for quantifying biomarkers and retrieving the data from a smartphone via a wireless module. Miniaturized circuits (include a flexible printed circuitry board) with electrochemical sensor modules securely attached to a dental ornament device for intra-oral monitoring of multiple significant disease biomarkers and gain access to them from a customized app of a portable wireless monitor (e.g. Mobile phone, iPad, laptop) by connecting via a microcontroller and Bluetooth enabled settings. This mini-review will focus on the wireless wearable electrochemical sensing motifs developed for saliva biomarkers, challenges, and a quick future outlook.