Weavable, Conductive Yarn-Based NiCo//Zn Textile Battery with High Energy Density and Rate Capability

With intrinsic safety and much higher energy densities than supercapacitors, rechargeable nickel/cobalt−zinc-based textile batteries are promising power sources for next generation personalized wearable electronics. However,
high-performance wearable nickel/cobalt−zinc-based batteries are rarely reported because there is a lack of industrially weavable and knittable highly conductive yarns. Here, we use scalably produced highly conductive yarns uniformly covered with zinc (as anode) and nickel cobalt hydroxide nanosheets (as cathode) to fabricate rechargeable yarn batteries. They possess a battery level capacity and energy density, as well as a supercapacitor level power density. They deliver high specific capacity of 5 mAh cm⁻³ and energy densities of 0.12 mWh cm⁻² and 8 mWh cm⁻³ (based on the whole solid battery). They exhibit ultrahigh rate capabilities of 232 C (liquid electrolyte) and 116 C (solid electrolyte), which endows the batteries excellent power densities of 32.8 mW cm^-2  and 2.2 W cm⁻³ (based on the whole solid battery). These are among the highest values reported so far. A wrist band battery is further constructed by using a large conductive cloth woven from the conductive yarns by a commercial weaving machine. It powers various electronic devices successfully, enabling dual functions of wearability and energy storage.