Wearable bioelectronics for cancer theranostics

Cancer has emerged as a critical global health concern due to its elevated heterogeneity and mortality rate. Despite the continuous efforts put into medical research, current clinical approaches still face limitations, including dependency on costly facilities, trained operators and suboptimal diagnostic precision. Therefore, innovative strategies for accurate, personalized and patient-friendly cancer theranostic solutions are urgently required. Among all the platforms, wearable bioelectronics stand out for advantages such as non-invasive detection, responsive therapy and long-term monitoring, owing to their functional bioelectronic interfaces. This review summarizes the latest advances in wearable bioelectronics, aiming to provide a new strategy for cancer theranostics. Initially, the clinical status and emerging wearable bioelectronics are briefly described to provide a general overview. The subsequent contents focus on the implementation of wearable bioelectronics across early diagnosis, treatment, prognostic monitoring and rehabilitation with multiple device configurations. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and prospective future development in advanced cancer theranostics. (Figure presented.) © The Author(s) 2025.