Vehicle Routing Problem with Optimal Fuel Cell and Battery Energy Management

Boyu Liu; Ahmed S. Musleh; Daming Zhang; Guo Chen; Zhao Yang Dong

doi:10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180727

Vehicle Routing Problem with Optimal Fuel Cell and Battery Energy Management

Boyu Liu
, Ahmed S. Musleh
, Daming Zhang
, Guo Chen
, Zhao Yang Dong

Department of Electrical Engineering

Research output: Chapters, Conference Papers, Creative and Literary Works › RGC 32 - Refereed conference paper (with host publication) › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

The increasing demand for sustainable transportation solutions has positioned hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) as a viable alternative to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles and battery electric vehicles. FCVs utilize green hydrogen as a clean energy source, offering key advantages such as zero greenhouse gas emissions, extended driving ranges, and rapid refueling capabilities. However, the integration of FCVs into vehicle routing problems (VRPs) remains insufficiently explored, particularly concerning their unique hybrid energy systems. This study introduces a novel Fuel Cell Vehicle Routing Problem (FVRP) model that accounts for the dynamic interactions between hydrogen fuel cells and the auxiliary battery, thereby ensuring precise energy management. A case study is presented to establish benchmark results for the proposed FVRP model under the given parameter setup. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first to examine FCV energy behavior within the context of VRPs, contributing to the advancement of hydrogen-powered mobility and the optimization of FCV operations within sustainable logistics frameworks. © 2025 IEEE.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2025 IEEE Kiel PowerTech
Publisher	IEEE
Number of pages	6
ISBN (Electronic)	9798331543976
ISBN (Print)	9798331543983
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180727
Publication status	Published - 2025
Event	16th IEEE PowerTech (PowerTech 2025) - Kiel, Germany Duration: 29 Jun 2025 → 3 Jul 2025

Publication series

Name	IEEE Kiel PowerTech, PowerTech

Conference

Conference	16th IEEE PowerTech (PowerTech 2025)
Place	Germany
City	Kiel
Period	29/06/25 → 3/07/25

Funding

This work was supported in part by the Australian Research Council (Grant No.: FT190100156 & DP230100801).

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy
SDG 13 Climate Action

Research Keywords

fuel cell vehicle
FVRP
Green hydrogen
hydrogen fuel cell
vehicle routing problem

Access Output

10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180727

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Cite this

@inproceedings{e0bc803c4e12408ea3ba9b91d34fe1a5,

title = "Vehicle Routing Problem with Optimal Fuel Cell and Battery Energy Management",

abstract = "The increasing demand for sustainable transportation solutions has positioned hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) as a viable alternative to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles and battery electric vehicles. FCVs utilize green hydrogen as a clean energy source, offering key advantages such as zero greenhouse gas emissions, extended driving ranges, and rapid refueling capabilities. However, the integration of FCVs into vehicle routing problems (VRPs) remains insufficiently explored, particularly concerning their unique hybrid energy systems. This study introduces a novel Fuel Cell Vehicle Routing Problem (FVRP) model that accounts for the dynamic interactions between hydrogen fuel cells and the auxiliary battery, thereby ensuring precise energy management. A case study is presented to establish benchmark results for the proposed FVRP model under the given parameter setup. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first to examine FCV energy behavior within the context of VRPs, contributing to the advancement of hydrogen-powered mobility and the optimization of FCV operations within sustainable logistics frameworks. {\textcopyright} 2025 IEEE.",

keywords = "fuel cell vehicle, FVRP, Green hydrogen, hydrogen fuel cell, vehicle routing problem",

author = "Boyu Liu and Musleh, \{Ahmed S.\} and Daming Zhang and Guo Chen and Dong, \{Zhao Yang\}",

year = "2025",

doi = "10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180727",

language = "English",

isbn = "9798331543983",

series = "IEEE Kiel PowerTech, PowerTech",

publisher = "IEEE",

booktitle = "2025 IEEE Kiel PowerTech",

address = "United States",

note = "16th IEEE PowerTech (PowerTech 2025)<br/> ; Conference date: 29-06-2025 Through 03-07-2025",

}

TY - GEN

T1 - Vehicle Routing Problem with Optimal Fuel Cell and Battery Energy Management

AU - Liu, Boyu

AU - Musleh, Ahmed S.

AU - Zhang, Daming

AU - Chen, Guo

AU - Dong, Zhao Yang

PY - 2025

Y1 - 2025

N2 - The increasing demand for sustainable transportation solutions has positioned hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) as a viable alternative to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles and battery electric vehicles. FCVs utilize green hydrogen as a clean energy source, offering key advantages such as zero greenhouse gas emissions, extended driving ranges, and rapid refueling capabilities. However, the integration of FCVs into vehicle routing problems (VRPs) remains insufficiently explored, particularly concerning their unique hybrid energy systems. This study introduces a novel Fuel Cell Vehicle Routing Problem (FVRP) model that accounts for the dynamic interactions between hydrogen fuel cells and the auxiliary battery, thereby ensuring precise energy management. A case study is presented to establish benchmark results for the proposed FVRP model under the given parameter setup. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first to examine FCV energy behavior within the context of VRPs, contributing to the advancement of hydrogen-powered mobility and the optimization of FCV operations within sustainable logistics frameworks. © 2025 IEEE.

AB - The increasing demand for sustainable transportation solutions has positioned hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) as a viable alternative to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles and battery electric vehicles. FCVs utilize green hydrogen as a clean energy source, offering key advantages such as zero greenhouse gas emissions, extended driving ranges, and rapid refueling capabilities. However, the integration of FCVs into vehicle routing problems (VRPs) remains insufficiently explored, particularly concerning their unique hybrid energy systems. This study introduces a novel Fuel Cell Vehicle Routing Problem (FVRP) model that accounts for the dynamic interactions between hydrogen fuel cells and the auxiliary battery, thereby ensuring precise energy management. A case study is presented to establish benchmark results for the proposed FVRP model under the given parameter setup. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first to examine FCV energy behavior within the context of VRPs, contributing to the advancement of hydrogen-powered mobility and the optimization of FCV operations within sustainable logistics frameworks. © 2025 IEEE.

KW - fuel cell vehicle

KW - FVRP

KW - Green hydrogen

KW - hydrogen fuel cell

KW - vehicle routing problem

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105019291594

UR - https://www.scopus.com/record/pubmetrics.uri?eid=2-s2.0-105019291594&origin=recordpage

U2 - 10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180727

DO - 10.1109/PowerTech59965.2025.11180727

M3 - RGC 32 - Refereed conference paper (with host publication)

SN - 9798331543983

T3 - IEEE Kiel PowerTech, PowerTech

BT - 2025 IEEE Kiel PowerTech

PB - IEEE

T2 - 16th IEEE PowerTech (PowerTech 2025)<br/>

Y2 - 29 June 2025 through 3 July 2025

ER -

Vehicle Routing Problem with Optimal Fuel Cell and Battery Energy Management

Abstract

Publication series

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Funding

UN SDGs

Research Keywords

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