Use of CsPbCl3 Quantum Dots as a Chlorine Source Enables Formation of Thick Quasi-2D Perovskite Films for High-Performance Blue Light Emitting Diodes

Yingtong Zhou; Yulu Hua; Shuo Li; Jiaqi Zhang; Haibo Wang; Wenxu Yin; Xiaoyu Zhang; Weitao Zheng; Andrey L. Rogach

doi:10.1002/adma.202506970

Use of CsPbCl₃ Quantum Dots as a Chlorine Source Enables Formation of Thick Quasi-2D Perovskite Films for High-Performance Blue Light Emitting Diodes

Yingtong Zhou, Yulu Hua, Shuo Li, Jiaqi Zhang, Haibo Wang, Wenxu Yin^*, Xiaoyu Zhang^*, Weitao Zheng, Andrey L. Rogach

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

Achieving efficient and stable blue-emitting quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) remains a challenge due to the poor solubility of conventional chloride precursors and the difficulty to form thick, uniform films with a well-controlled phase distribution. A new strategy is proposed to address this challenge using CsPbCl₃ quantum dots (QDs) capped with oleylamine (OLA) ligands as an alternative chlorine source. It is demonstrated how the use of these QDs enables formation of quasi-2D perovskite films with vertically aligned crystalline structure, thickness over 100 nm, and improved stability. OLA ligands regulate the crystal phase distribution and grain boundaries, suppressing the appearance of small-n 2D phases and reducing the number of crystal defects, while inorganic CsPbCl₃ QD cores induce vertical crystallization of quasi-2D perovskite films, endowing them with enhanced structural stability. The use of this non-conventional chlorine source is proven instrumental in improving external quantum efficiency of quasi-2D perovskite sky-blue LEDs, reaching 26.2% at 485 nm, with significantly enhanced electroluminescence stability both in terms of peak position and brightness. This study demonstrates a novel methodology using CsPbCl₃ QDs capped with conventional organic ligands to achieve thick quasi-2D perovskite layers for blue LEDs, addressing existing limitations in perovskite optoelectronics. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH

Original language	English
Article number	2506970
Journal	Advanced Materials
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202506970
Publication status	Online published - 1 Jul 2025

Funding

Y.Z. and Y.H. contributed equally to this work. The authors acknowledge financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2024YFA1207700), National Natural Science Foundation of China (52072141 and 52102170), the Open Research Fund of Suzhou Laboratory (SZLAB-1508-2024-ZD015), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, JLU (2025-JCXK-11), and the Innovation and Technology Fund of Hong Kong S.A.R. (MHP/068/21). The grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD) experiments were carried out at beamline 02U2, Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), P.R. China.

Research Keywords

blue emission
chlorine precursor
CsPbCl3 quantum dots (QDs)
light-emitting diodes (LEDs)
quasi-2D lead halide perovskite

Publisher's Copyright Statement

COPYRIGHT TERMS OF DEPOSITED POSTPRINT FILE: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Zhou, Y., Hua, Y., Li, S., Zhang, J., Wang, H., Yin, W., Zhang, X., Zheng, W., & Rogach, A. L. (2025). Use of CsPbCl3 Quantum Dots as a Chlorine Source Enables Formation of Thick Quasi-2D Perovskite Films for High-Performance Blue Light Emitting Diodes. Advanced Materials, Article 2506970. Advance online publication., which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202506970.
This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.

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title = "Use of CsPbCl3 Quantum Dots as a Chlorine Source Enables Formation of Thick Quasi-2D Perovskite Films for High-Performance Blue Light Emitting Diodes",

abstract = "Achieving efficient and stable blue-emitting quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) remains a challenge due to the poor solubility of conventional chloride precursors and the difficulty to form thick, uniform films with a well-controlled phase distribution. A new strategy is proposed to address this challenge using CsPbCl3 quantum dots (QDs) capped with oleylamine (OLA) ligands as an alternative chlorine source. It is demonstrated how the use of these QDs enables formation of quasi-2D perovskite films with vertically aligned crystalline structure, thickness over 100 nm, and improved stability. OLA ligands regulate the crystal phase distribution and grain boundaries, suppressing the appearance of small-n 2D phases and reducing the number of crystal defects, while inorganic CsPbCl3 QD cores induce vertical crystallization of quasi-2D perovskite films, endowing them with enhanced structural stability. The use of this non-conventional chlorine source is proven instrumental in improving external quantum efficiency of quasi-2D perovskite sky-blue LEDs, reaching 26.2% at 485 nm, with significantly enhanced electroluminescence stability both in terms of peak position and brightness. This study demonstrates a novel methodology using CsPbCl3 QDs capped with conventional organic ligands to achieve thick quasi-2D perovskite layers for blue LEDs, addressing existing limitations in perovskite optoelectronics. {\textcopyright} 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH",

keywords = "blue emission, chlorine precursor, CsPbCl3 quantum dots (QDs), light-emitting diodes (LEDs), quasi-2D lead halide perovskite",

author = "Yingtong Zhou and Yulu Hua and Shuo Li and Jiaqi Zhang and Haibo Wang and Wenxu Yin and Xiaoyu Zhang and Weitao Zheng and Rogach, {Andrey L.}",

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language = "English",

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T1 - Use of CsPbCl3 Quantum Dots as a Chlorine Source Enables Formation of Thick Quasi-2D Perovskite Films for High-Performance Blue Light Emitting Diodes

AU - Zhou, Yingtong

AU - Hua, Yulu

AU - Li, Shuo

AU - Zhang, Jiaqi

AU - Wang, Haibo

AU - Yin, Wenxu

AU - Zhang, Xiaoyu

AU - Zheng, Weitao

AU - Rogach, Andrey L.

PY - 2025/7/1

Y1 - 2025/7/1

N2 - Achieving efficient and stable blue-emitting quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) remains a challenge due to the poor solubility of conventional chloride precursors and the difficulty to form thick, uniform films with a well-controlled phase distribution. A new strategy is proposed to address this challenge using CsPbCl3 quantum dots (QDs) capped with oleylamine (OLA) ligands as an alternative chlorine source. It is demonstrated how the use of these QDs enables formation of quasi-2D perovskite films with vertically aligned crystalline structure, thickness over 100 nm, and improved stability. OLA ligands regulate the crystal phase distribution and grain boundaries, suppressing the appearance of small-n 2D phases and reducing the number of crystal defects, while inorganic CsPbCl3 QD cores induce vertical crystallization of quasi-2D perovskite films, endowing them with enhanced structural stability. The use of this non-conventional chlorine source is proven instrumental in improving external quantum efficiency of quasi-2D perovskite sky-blue LEDs, reaching 26.2% at 485 nm, with significantly enhanced electroluminescence stability both in terms of peak position and brightness. This study demonstrates a novel methodology using CsPbCl3 QDs capped with conventional organic ligands to achieve thick quasi-2D perovskite layers for blue LEDs, addressing existing limitations in perovskite optoelectronics. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH

AB - Achieving efficient and stable blue-emitting quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) remains a challenge due to the poor solubility of conventional chloride precursors and the difficulty to form thick, uniform films with a well-controlled phase distribution. A new strategy is proposed to address this challenge using CsPbCl3 quantum dots (QDs) capped with oleylamine (OLA) ligands as an alternative chlorine source. It is demonstrated how the use of these QDs enables formation of quasi-2D perovskite films with vertically aligned crystalline structure, thickness over 100 nm, and improved stability. OLA ligands regulate the crystal phase distribution and grain boundaries, suppressing the appearance of small-n 2D phases and reducing the number of crystal defects, while inorganic CsPbCl3 QD cores induce vertical crystallization of quasi-2D perovskite films, endowing them with enhanced structural stability. The use of this non-conventional chlorine source is proven instrumental in improving external quantum efficiency of quasi-2D perovskite sky-blue LEDs, reaching 26.2% at 485 nm, with significantly enhanced electroluminescence stability both in terms of peak position and brightness. This study demonstrates a novel methodology using CsPbCl3 QDs capped with conventional organic ligands to achieve thick quasi-2D perovskite layers for blue LEDs, addressing existing limitations in perovskite optoelectronics. © 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH

KW - blue emission

KW - chlorine precursor

KW - CsPbCl3 quantum dots (QDs)

KW - light-emitting diodes (LEDs)

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DO - 10.1002/adma.202506970

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JO - Advanced Materials

JF - Advanced Materials

M1 - 2506970

ER -

Use of CsPbCl₃ Quantum Dots as a Chlorine Source Enables Formation of Thick Quasi-2D Perovskite Films for High-Performance Blue Light Emitting Diodes

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ITF: Core/shell Perovskite Quantum Dots with Excellent Stability and Their Application to Light-emitting Displays

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Use of CsPbCl3 Quantum Dots as a Chlorine Source Enables Formation of Thick Quasi-2D Perovskite Films for High-Performance Blue Light Emitting Diodes

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ITF: Core/shell Perovskite Quantum Dots with Excellent Stability and Their Application to Light-emitting Displays

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Use of CsPbCl₃ Quantum Dots as a Chlorine Source Enables Formation of Thick Quasi-2D Perovskite Films for High-Performance Blue Light Emitting Diodes