本文以宋亡入元南人醫者葛應雷生平與際遇為例，參照當時其他醫者的情況，探討元代醫學發展的趨勢。葛應雷生於南宋末年，習舉子業；宋亡之後，科舉事廢，改而習醫。在元大德年間，先後出仕為平江路醫學教授、江浙等處官醫學副提舉和提舉，其子孫亦以醫為業，葛氏成為元、明吳中世醫的代表者。元朝一統，葛應雷是最早入仕元廷的南人醫者，並傳習金、元時期北方醫者劉完素、張從正等人醫術，在吳中傳授其學，一反南宋以來江南地區醫者拘執《局方》的風氣。葛應雷傳揚金、元北方醫學，以及參與興建平江路三皇廟，仕途平步青雲。本文以葛應雷為例，嘗試了解南人醫者如何適應元代醫學發展而成為官醫，以及元、明吳中世醫形成的環境。

This article explores the developments in medicine in the Yuan dynasty based on a case study of the physician Ge Yinglei. Ge Yinglei was originally a candidate for the civil service examination in the Southern Song dynasty. However, after the Yuan dynasty unified China, the civil service examination was abolished. Ge therefore changed his career path to become a medical physician, and he gained fame as a physician in the southern region. He later took on the role of a medical professor in Pingjiang prefecture (later called Suzhou) and became the highest medical officer in Jiangzhe Province. His brother, son, nephew, and grandson were also physicians; in particular, his son Ge Qiansun was equally famous as Zhu Zhenheng. His family became the most famous medical family of the Yuan and Ming period. Through Ge Yinglei’s life and life chances, the author highlights how his life reflected the characteristics of medical development trends in three aspects during the Yuan dynasty. First, Ge learned about the medicine of the northern region of the Jin-Yuan period and inherited the medical knowledge of Liu Wansu and Zhang Congzheng. He also criticized the physicians of the southern region for depending on Bureau Prescriptions only. Second, he mastered the medical theory wuyun liuqi, based on which he treated his patients. Third, he helped build the Temple of the Three Progenitors in Pingjiang Prefecture, which was a great contribution to the Yuan court. In conclusion, by using Ge Yinglei as an example, this article discusses how physicians of the southern region adapted themselves to the new developments in medicine and became medical officers, as well as passed on medical knowledge from generation to generation in the Suzhou region during the Yuan-Ming period.