國家認同反映了個體對自己國民身份的認同以及對自己民族文化的自豪感，也與地區的繁榮穩定密切聯繫。近年來，香港人，尤其是香港青少年的國家認同問題面臨一些挑戰，這值得深入研究和思考。本研究對港深兩地 1,100 餘名青少年的國家認同現狀進行調查分析，並引入了心理學的視角探討國家認同的心理影響，進一步拓展國家認同與心理因素的研究。研究結果表明，香港地區青少年的國家認同程度顯著低於深圳青少年，尤其體現在民族認同和國家自豪感偏低上。此外，自認為是「香港人」的學生比自認為是「中國人」的學生有更低的公民認同、民族認同和國家自豪感。迴歸分析（Regression Analysis）結果表明，國家自豪感和國家認同程度與青少年積極心理狀態高度相關。青少年的國家認同的提升對其心理健康也有顯著的正向作用。

National identity reflects people’s identification with their national identity and cultural pride. It is also closely associated with the prosperity and stability of a region. In recent years, the national identification of Hong Kong people, especially youngsters, has faced some serious challenges and thus needs to be studied urgently. This study investigated and analysed the current situation of the national identification of more than 1,100 adolescents in Hong Kong and Shenzhen and explored the psychological impact of national identification. Results showed that the national identification of Hong Kong youngsters is significantly lower than that of Shenzhen youngsters, especially in national identity and pride. Besides, students who think they are “Hong Kong people”have lower civic identity, national identity and national pride than those who think they are “Chinese”. Regression analysis shows that national identity and pride are highly related to the positive mental state of adolescents. The promotion of national identity also has a significant positive effect on their mental health.