2013年十八届三中全会后,我国确定开始实行国家公园制度,国家公园体制是我国生态文明建设的重要内容,国家公园治理体系是对国家公园这一公共池塘物品进行科学管理的基础。对国家公园管理机构和国家公园功能实现进行规范分析,探讨国家公园治理体系的构建,并以十个国家公园试点区的已颁布的管理条例、已建立的管理机构及已实施的管理活动为例进行实证研究。总结发现:参与国家公园管理的机构必须有其权限规范,国家公园的管理应从系统和技术两个方面完善;国家公园的功能分区需要体现资源保护和全民共有两个意义。探讨进行国家公园治理体系的构建方式,即需要解决奥斯特罗姆公共池塘理论中的三个问题,制度供给、可信承诺和相互监督。首先需要统一管理制度体系,其次制定监督机制,最后建立冲突解决机制。并从我国背景现状出发,追求国家公园制度和使用者及其关系与国家公园资源本身的平衡。分析总结中国国家公园"以政府管理为主,以社会合作为辅的"试点实践路径,其体现了四个重点,即保护第一、科学分区、管理权责明确和社会合作,以期对于我国国家公园日后的科学治理具有重要的理论和实践意义。

After the third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee 2013, China decided to begin to implement the national park system. The national park system is an important part of the construction of ecological civilization in China. The national park governance system is the basis for the scientific management of the common - pool resources, the national park. Through the normative analysis of national park management institutions and national park functions, the construction of National Park governance system is discussed, and a case study is carried out with the management regulations, management institutions and the management activities that have been implemented in the ten National Park experimental unit. It is found that the institutions involved in national park management must have their rights and regulations, and the management of national parks should be perfected from two aspects of system and technology; the functional division of national parks needs to reflect both the two meanings of the protection of resources and the share of all national citizens. The way to build the National Park governance system is to solve three problems in the theory of Aust ROM’s public ponds, system supply, credible commitment and mutual supervision. First of all, we need to unify the system of management system, then formulate the supervision mechanism, and finally establish the conflict resolution mechanism. Starting from the current situation of our country, we pursue the balance between the national park system, users and their relationship with the national park resources themselves. This paper analyzes and summarizes the pilot practice path that the management basic is the government management and social cooperation is the supplement, which embodies four key points, namely, protection first, scientific division, clear management power and responsibility and social cooperation. And to have important theoretical and practical significance to the scientific governance of China’s national parks in the future.