Underwater Binocular Meta-lens

Xiaoyuan Liu; Mu Ku  Chen; Cheng Hung Chu; Jingcheng Zhang; Borui Leng; Takeshi Yamaguchi; Takuo Tanaka; Din Ping Tsai

doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.2c01667

Underwater Binocular Meta-lens

Xiaoyuan Liu, Mu Ku Chen^*, Cheng Hung Chu, Jingcheng Zhang, Borui Leng, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Takuo Tanaka^*, Din Ping Tsai^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

51 Citations (Scopus)

44 Downloads (CityUHK Scholars)

Abstract

Underwater optics in all-aquatic environments is vital for environmental management, biogeochemistry, phytoplankton ecology, benthic processes, global change, etc. Many optical techniques of observational systems for underwater sensing, imaging, and applications have been developed. For the demands of compact, miniaturized, portable, lightweight, and low-energy consumption, a novel underwater binocular depth-sensing and imaging meta-optic device is developed and reported here. A GaN binocular meta-lens is specifically designed and fabricated to demonstrate underwater stereo vision and depth sensing. The diameter of each meta-lens is 2.6 mm, and the measured distance between the two meta-lens centers is 4.04 mm. The advantage of our binocular meta-lens is no need of distortion correction or camera calibration, which is necessary for traditional two-camera stereo vision systems. Based on the experimental results, we developed the generalized depth calculation formula for all-size binocular vision systems. With deep-learning support, this stereo vision system can realize the fast underwater object’s depth and image computation for real-time processing capability. Our artificial intelligent imaging results show that depth measurement accuracy is down to 50 μm. Besides the aberration-free advantage of flat meta-optic components, the intrinsic superhydrophobicity properties of our nanostructured GaN meta-lens enable an antiadhesion, stain-resistant, and self-cleaning novel underwater imaging device. This stereo vision binocular meta-lens will significantly benefit underwater micro/nanorobots, autonomous submarines, machine vision in the ocean, marine ecological surveys, etc. © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	2382–2389
Number of pages	8
Journal	ACS Photonics
Volume	10
Issue number	7
Online published	19 Jan 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.2c01667
Publication status	Published - 19 Jul 2023

Funding

We thank Dr. Mitch Guijun Li and Miss. Huan Liu for their assistance in hydrophobicity measurements. We acknowledge the support from the University Grants Committee/Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China (Project No. AoE/P-502/20 and GRF Projects 15303521 and 11310522), the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission Grant (No. SGDX2019081623281169), the Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province (2020B1515120073), City University of Hong Kong (Project No. 9380131), and JST CREST (Grant No. JPMJCR1904).

Research Keywords

meta-lens
binocular vision
underwater depth sensing
stereo vision
deep learning

Publisher's Copyright Statement

This full text is made available under CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access Output

10.1021/acsphotonics.2c01667

133395547.pdfFinal Published version, 14.2 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Other Access Options

Check CityUHK Library

Permanent Link

Right click to copy link

Cite this

@article{8b95febefefa4f27997eb7fd6c2136d5,

title = "Underwater Binocular Meta-lens",

abstract = "Underwater optics in all-aquatic environments is vital for environmental management, biogeochemistry, phytoplankton ecology, benthic processes, global change, etc. Many optical techniques of observational systems for underwater sensing, imaging, and applications have been developed. For the demands of compact, miniaturized, portable, lightweight, and low-energy consumption, a novel underwater binocular depth-sensing and imaging meta-optic device is developed and reported here. A GaN binocular meta-lens is specifically designed and fabricated to demonstrate underwater stereo vision and depth sensing. The diameter of each meta-lens is 2.6 mm, and the measured distance between the two meta-lens centers is 4.04 mm. The advantage of our binocular meta-lens is no need of distortion correction or camera calibration, which is necessary for traditional two-camera stereo vision systems. Based on the experimental results, we developed the generalized depth calculation formula for all-size binocular vision systems. With deep-learning support, this stereo vision system can realize the fast underwater object{\textquoteright}s depth and image computation for real-time processing capability. Our artificial intelligent imaging results show that depth measurement accuracy is down to 50 μm. Besides the aberration-free advantage of flat meta-optic components, the intrinsic superhydrophobicity properties of our nanostructured GaN meta-lens enable an antiadhesion, stain-resistant, and self-cleaning novel underwater imaging device. This stereo vision binocular meta-lens will significantly benefit underwater micro/nanorobots, autonomous submarines, machine vision in the ocean, marine ecological surveys, etc. {\textcopyright} 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society",

keywords = "meta-lens, binocular vision, underwater depth sensing, stereo vision, deep learning",

author = "Xiaoyuan Liu and Chen, {Mu Ku} and Chu, {Cheng Hung} and Jingcheng Zhang and Borui Leng and Takeshi Yamaguchi and Takuo Tanaka and Tsai, {Din Ping}",

year = "2023",

month = jul,

day = "19",

doi = "10.1021/acsphotonics.2c01667",

language = "English",

volume = "10",

pages = "2382–2389",

journal = "ACS Photonics",

issn = "2330-4022",

publisher = "American Chemical Society",

number = "7",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Underwater Binocular Meta-lens

AU - Liu, Xiaoyuan

AU - Chen, Mu Ku

AU - Chu, Cheng Hung

AU - Zhang, Jingcheng

AU - Leng, Borui

AU - Yamaguchi, Takeshi

AU - Tanaka, Takuo

AU - Tsai, Din Ping

PY - 2023/7/19

Y1 - 2023/7/19

N2 - Underwater optics in all-aquatic environments is vital for environmental management, biogeochemistry, phytoplankton ecology, benthic processes, global change, etc. Many optical techniques of observational systems for underwater sensing, imaging, and applications have been developed. For the demands of compact, miniaturized, portable, lightweight, and low-energy consumption, a novel underwater binocular depth-sensing and imaging meta-optic device is developed and reported here. A GaN binocular meta-lens is specifically designed and fabricated to demonstrate underwater stereo vision and depth sensing. The diameter of each meta-lens is 2.6 mm, and the measured distance between the two meta-lens centers is 4.04 mm. The advantage of our binocular meta-lens is no need of distortion correction or camera calibration, which is necessary for traditional two-camera stereo vision systems. Based on the experimental results, we developed the generalized depth calculation formula for all-size binocular vision systems. With deep-learning support, this stereo vision system can realize the fast underwater object’s depth and image computation for real-time processing capability. Our artificial intelligent imaging results show that depth measurement accuracy is down to 50 μm. Besides the aberration-free advantage of flat meta-optic components, the intrinsic superhydrophobicity properties of our nanostructured GaN meta-lens enable an antiadhesion, stain-resistant, and self-cleaning novel underwater imaging device. This stereo vision binocular meta-lens will significantly benefit underwater micro/nanorobots, autonomous submarines, machine vision in the ocean, marine ecological surveys, etc. © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

AB - Underwater optics in all-aquatic environments is vital for environmental management, biogeochemistry, phytoplankton ecology, benthic processes, global change, etc. Many optical techniques of observational systems for underwater sensing, imaging, and applications have been developed. For the demands of compact, miniaturized, portable, lightweight, and low-energy consumption, a novel underwater binocular depth-sensing and imaging meta-optic device is developed and reported here. A GaN binocular meta-lens is specifically designed and fabricated to demonstrate underwater stereo vision and depth sensing. The diameter of each meta-lens is 2.6 mm, and the measured distance between the two meta-lens centers is 4.04 mm. The advantage of our binocular meta-lens is no need of distortion correction or camera calibration, which is necessary for traditional two-camera stereo vision systems. Based on the experimental results, we developed the generalized depth calculation formula for all-size binocular vision systems. With deep-learning support, this stereo vision system can realize the fast underwater object’s depth and image computation for real-time processing capability. Our artificial intelligent imaging results show that depth measurement accuracy is down to 50 μm. Besides the aberration-free advantage of flat meta-optic components, the intrinsic superhydrophobicity properties of our nanostructured GaN meta-lens enable an antiadhesion, stain-resistant, and self-cleaning novel underwater imaging device. This stereo vision binocular meta-lens will significantly benefit underwater micro/nanorobots, autonomous submarines, machine vision in the ocean, marine ecological surveys, etc. © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society

KW - meta-lens

KW - binocular vision

KW - underwater depth sensing

KW - stereo vision

KW - deep learning

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85146669443&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.scopus.com/record/pubmetrics.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85146669443&origin=recordpage

U2 - 10.1021/acsphotonics.2c01667

DO - 10.1021/acsphotonics.2c01667

M3 - RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal

SN - 2330-4022

VL - 10

SP - 2382

EP - 2389

JO - ACS Photonics

JF - ACS Photonics

IS - 7

ER -

Underwater Binocular Meta-lens

Abstract

Funding

Research Keywords

Publisher's Copyright Statement

UN SDGs

Access Output

Other Access Options

Permanent Link

Other Files and Links

Fingerprint

GRF: Meta-lens for Vacuum Ultraviolet Light

GRF: Bound States in the Continuum Enhanced Second Harmonic Generation of Lithium Niobate

AoE(UGC): Meta-optics, Meta-acoustics and Meta-device

Cite this