@inproceedings{f4b43be8da524efabe0f2cb6ca462a2f,
title = "Underwater acoustic modem using multi-carrier modulation",
abstract = "An underwater digital acoustic communications system based on multicarrier modulation technique is presented. This technique is relatively robust in a strong mulripath fading environment and has been successfully tested in a shallow water channel at a data rate up to 10kbps over 1km. The test system using 48 carrier frequencies for transmitting 48 parallel bits of data in each packet. The data stream is encoded into a sequence of packets. These packets are encapsulated by headers, synchronisation and training signals. In order to reduce the mnltipath fading problem, an adaptive channel equalisation scheme with a LSM algorithm is used. The mulripath fading problem can be further improved by a redundant carrier assignment and wavelet based MFM scheme. The advantage of this scheme is that the fading is reduced without affecting the channel capacity.",
author = "Yeung, {Lam F.} and Bradbeer, {Robin S.} and Law, {Eric T.M.} and Angus Wu and Bin Li and Gu, {Zhong G.}",
year = "2003",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1109/OCEANS.2003.178059",
language = "English",
isbn = "0933957300",
volume = "3",
series = "Oceans Conference Record (IEEE)",
publisher = "IEEE",
pages = "1368--1375",
booktitle = "Oceans 2003: Celebrating the Past... Teaming Toward the Future",
address = "United States",
note = "Oceans 2003 - Marine Technology Society, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Conference, MTS/IEEE ; Conference date: 22-09-2003 Through 26-09-2003",
}