Three-phase interface engineering enables both activation and transport of electrochlorination for textile organic wastewater degradation

Constructing a three-phase interface to balance the multi-scale physicochemical processes is crucial for high-efficiency electrochlorination degradation of organic wastewater, which remains largely underexplored. Herein, we demonstrate a nanopore-network-regulated Ru-MnO₂ catalyst embodying an array of three-phase catalytic interfaces for enhancing the activation and transport processes. The key points lie in tailoring accessible surfaces with atomic-scale Ru sites and mesoscale commuting networks for fast species diffusion as well as structure-derived superaerophobic surfaces. The synergy of these features promotes the high generation of Cl₂ and subsequently fast departure, facilitating the transition of bubbles from a gas/solid interface into a liquid/solid interface, which availably mitigates the barrier effect, boosts blending of reaction species in wastewater, and yields high degradation efficiency and economic benefits compared with commercial Pt anodes. Furthermore, we envision that the scale-up prototype demonstration will pave the way for large-scale environmental remediation and other aqueous production processes.

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