The Role of Holocene Relative Sea-Level Change in Preserving Records of Subduction Zone Earthquakes

Tina Dura; Simon E. Engelhart; Matteo Vacchi; Benjamin P. Horton; Robert E. Kopp; W. Richard Peltier; Sarah Bradley

doi:10.1007/s40641-016-0041-y

The Role of Holocene Relative Sea-Level Change in Preserving Records of Subduction Zone Earthquakes

Tina Dura^*
, Simon E. Engelhart
, Matteo Vacchi
, Benjamin P. Horton
, Robert E. Kopp
, W. Richard Peltier
, Sarah Bradley

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

44 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Eustasy and glacio- and hydro-isostatic adjustment are the main drivers of regional variability of Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) records. These regional variations in Holocene RSL influence the preservation of coastal wetland stratigraphic records of prehistoric earthquakes along subduction zone coasts. The length and completeness of prehistoric earthquake records is intrinsically linked to the accommodation space provided by gradually rising (<3 mm/year) Holocene RSL. In near-field regions that were located beneath northern hemisphere ice sheets (e.g., western Vancouver Island), RSL fall from a mid-Holocene highstand has limited prehistoric earthquake records to the last 1 ka. In intermediate field regions (e.g., southern Washington and central Oregon), gradual RSL rise over the last ∼7 ka has preserved widespread records of prehistoric earthquakes. In far-field regions (e.g., Sumatra, Chile, and Japan), fragmentary stratigraphic evidence of prehistoric earthquakes has been preserved only during periods of gradual RSL rise prior to a mid-Holocene highstand, or during the last 1–3 ka, when RSL was within 2 m of modern sea level, and thus within the tidal frame. © 2016, Springer International Publishing AG.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	86-100
Journal	Current Climate Change Reports
Volume	2
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-016-0041-y
Publication status	Published - 1 Sept 2016
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publication details (e.g. title, author(s), publication statuses and dates) are captured on an “AS IS” and “AS AVAILABLE” basis at the time of record harvesting from the data source. Suggestions for further amendments or supplementary information can be sent to [email protected].

Funding

This work was supported by funding from National Science Foundation awards to TD (EAR-439021), SEE (EAR-1419844), BPH (EAR-1357756, 1419824, 0809392), and REK (ARC-1203415). TD would like to thank Antonio Osa for his unwavering support and encouragement (AMQPLV).

Research Keywords

Accommodation space
Coastal wetland stratigraphy
Glacio-isostatic adjustment
Prehistoric earthquakes
Relative sea level
Subduction zone

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title = "The Role of Holocene Relative Sea-Level Change in Preserving Records of Subduction Zone Earthquakes",

abstract = "Eustasy and glacio- and hydro-isostatic adjustment are the main drivers of regional variability of Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) records. These regional variations in Holocene RSL influence the preservation of coastal wetland stratigraphic records of prehistoric earthquakes along subduction zone coasts. The length and completeness of prehistoric earthquake records is intrinsically linked to the accommodation space provided by gradually rising (<3 mm/year) Holocene RSL. In near-field regions that were located beneath northern hemisphere ice sheets (e.g., western Vancouver Island), RSL fall from a mid-Holocene highstand has limited prehistoric earthquake records to the last 1 ka. In intermediate field regions (e.g., southern Washington and central Oregon), gradual RSL rise over the last ∼7 ka has preserved widespread records of prehistoric earthquakes. In far-field regions (e.g., Sumatra, Chile, and Japan), fragmentary stratigraphic evidence of prehistoric earthquakes has been preserved only during periods of gradual RSL rise prior to a mid-Holocene highstand, or during the last 1–3 ka, when RSL was within 2 m of modern sea level, and thus within the tidal frame. {\textcopyright} 2016, Springer International Publishing AG.",

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AU - Kopp, Robert E.

AU - Peltier, W. Richard

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AB - Eustasy and glacio- and hydro-isostatic adjustment are the main drivers of regional variability of Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) records. These regional variations in Holocene RSL influence the preservation of coastal wetland stratigraphic records of prehistoric earthquakes along subduction zone coasts. The length and completeness of prehistoric earthquake records is intrinsically linked to the accommodation space provided by gradually rising (<3 mm/year) Holocene RSL. In near-field regions that were located beneath northern hemisphere ice sheets (e.g., western Vancouver Island), RSL fall from a mid-Holocene highstand has limited prehistoric earthquake records to the last 1 ka. In intermediate field regions (e.g., southern Washington and central Oregon), gradual RSL rise over the last ∼7 ka has preserved widespread records of prehistoric earthquakes. In far-field regions (e.g., Sumatra, Chile, and Japan), fragmentary stratigraphic evidence of prehistoric earthquakes has been preserved only during periods of gradual RSL rise prior to a mid-Holocene highstand, or during the last 1–3 ka, when RSL was within 2 m of modern sea level, and thus within the tidal frame. © 2016, Springer International Publishing AG.

KW - Accommodation space

KW - Coastal wetland stratigraphy

KW - Glacio-isostatic adjustment

KW - Prehistoric earthquakes

KW - Relative sea level

KW - Subduction zone

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JF - Current Climate Change Reports

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The Role of Holocene Relative Sea-Level Change in Preserving Records of Subduction Zone Earthquakes

Abstract

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Research Keywords

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