The immune microenvironment and tissue engineering strategies for spinal cord regeneration

Yuan Feng; Yong Peng; Jing Jie; Yumin Yang; Pengxiang Yang

doi:10.3389/fncel.2022.969002

The immune microenvironment and tissue engineering strategies for spinal cord regeneration

Yuan Feng, Yong Peng, Jing Jie^*, Yumin Yang^*, Pengxiang Yang^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

22 Citations (Scopus)

1 Downloads (CityUHK Scholars)

Abstract

Regeneration of neural tissue is limited following spinal cord injury (SCI). Successful regeneration of injured nerves requires the intrinsic regenerative capability of the neurons and a suitable microenvironment. However, the local microenvironment is damaged, including insufficient intraneural vascularization, prolonged immune responses, overactive immune responses, dysregulated bioenergetic metabolism and terminated bioelectrical conduction. Among them, the immune microenvironment formed by immune cells and cytokines plays a dual role in inflammation and regeneration. Few studies have focused on the role of the immune microenvironment in spinal cord regeneration. Here, we summarize those findings involving various immune cells (neutrophils, monocytes, microglia and T lymphocytes) after SCI. The pathological changes that occur in the local microenvironment and the function of immune cells are described. We also summarize and discuss the current strategies for treating SCI with tissue-engineered biomaterials from the perspective of the immune microenvironment. © 2022 Feng, Peng, Jie, Yang and Yang.

Original language	English
Article number	969002
Number of pages	17
Journal	Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Volume	16
Online published	4 Aug 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3389/fncel.2022.969002
Publication status	Published - 2022
Externally published	Yes

Funding

We thank to acknowledge the financial support received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31900987), Heilongjiang Natural Science Foundation (No. YQ2019H022), Jiangsu Province “Double Innovation Plan” (No. JSSCBS20211603), Research Project of Health Commission of Nantong (No. MB2021011), Science and Technology Project of Nantong city (No. JC2019146), and Nantong University Clinical Medicine Project (No. 2019JZ004).

Research Keywords

biomaterials
immune cells
immune microenvironment
regeneration
spinal cord injury

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This full text is made available under CC-BY 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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abstract = "Regeneration of neural tissue is limited following spinal cord injury (SCI). Successful regeneration of injured nerves requires the intrinsic regenerative capability of the neurons and a suitable microenvironment. However, the local microenvironment is damaged, including insufficient intraneural vascularization, prolonged immune responses, overactive immune responses, dysregulated bioenergetic metabolism and terminated bioelectrical conduction. Among them, the immune microenvironment formed by immune cells and cytokines plays a dual role in inflammation and regeneration. Few studies have focused on the role of the immune microenvironment in spinal cord regeneration. Here, we summarize those findings involving various immune cells (neutrophils, monocytes, microglia and T lymphocytes) after SCI. The pathological changes that occur in the local microenvironment and the function of immune cells are described. We also summarize and discuss the current strategies for treating SCI with tissue-engineered biomaterials from the perspective of the immune microenvironment. {\textcopyright} 2022 Feng, Peng, Jie, Yang and Yang.",

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AU - Feng, Yuan

AU - Peng, Yong

AU - Jie, Jing

AU - Yang, Yumin

AU - Yang, Pengxiang

PY - 2022

Y1 - 2022

N2 - Regeneration of neural tissue is limited following spinal cord injury (SCI). Successful regeneration of injured nerves requires the intrinsic regenerative capability of the neurons and a suitable microenvironment. However, the local microenvironment is damaged, including insufficient intraneural vascularization, prolonged immune responses, overactive immune responses, dysregulated bioenergetic metabolism and terminated bioelectrical conduction. Among them, the immune microenvironment formed by immune cells and cytokines plays a dual role in inflammation and regeneration. Few studies have focused on the role of the immune microenvironment in spinal cord regeneration. Here, we summarize those findings involving various immune cells (neutrophils, monocytes, microglia and T lymphocytes) after SCI. The pathological changes that occur in the local microenvironment and the function of immune cells are described. We also summarize and discuss the current strategies for treating SCI with tissue-engineered biomaterials from the perspective of the immune microenvironment. © 2022 Feng, Peng, Jie, Yang and Yang.

AB - Regeneration of neural tissue is limited following spinal cord injury (SCI). Successful regeneration of injured nerves requires the intrinsic regenerative capability of the neurons and a suitable microenvironment. However, the local microenvironment is damaged, including insufficient intraneural vascularization, prolonged immune responses, overactive immune responses, dysregulated bioenergetic metabolism and terminated bioelectrical conduction. Among them, the immune microenvironment formed by immune cells and cytokines plays a dual role in inflammation and regeneration. Few studies have focused on the role of the immune microenvironment in spinal cord regeneration. Here, we summarize those findings involving various immune cells (neutrophils, monocytes, microglia and T lymphocytes) after SCI. The pathological changes that occur in the local microenvironment and the function of immune cells are described. We also summarize and discuss the current strategies for treating SCI with tissue-engineered biomaterials from the perspective of the immune microenvironment. © 2022 Feng, Peng, Jie, Yang and Yang.

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KW - immune cells

KW - immune microenvironment

KW - regeneration

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The immune microenvironment and tissue engineering strategies for spinal cord regeneration

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Research Keywords

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