Statistical analysis of wind characteristics and wind energy potential in Hong Kong

The harvesting of renewable energy sources has become increasingly important to take account of the gradual decline of fossil fuel reserves and the environment degradation associated with the use of fossil fuels. Wind energy, as one of the most well-known renewable energy sources, has been extensively harnessed across the world. Nevertheless, the wind energy exploitation in Hong Kong is still rare.
Based on 6-year wind data recorded at five meteorological stations with different terrain conditions, this study presents a statistical analysis of the wind characteristics and wind energy potential at typical sites in Hong Kong by the assistance of Weibull distribution model. The variations of mean wind speed, as well as Weibull parameters, were highlighted on various timescales. Among all the sites, the annual Weibull scale parameter varied from 2.85 m/s to 10.19 m/s, and the range of the annual shape parameter was 1.65-1.99. The highest Weibull scale parameter was observed at a hilltop, whilst the lowest was found at an urban site. The monthly variation of wind power density was presented and discussed for each site. Hilltops and offshore islands demonstrated prominently greater wind power density than urban areas. It was thus indicated that hilltops and offshore islands are the most promising locations for wind energy exploitation in Hong Kong.