Standing waves on two-dimensional periodic dielectric waveguides

Guided modes of a periodic waveguide usually exist below the light line, if the minimum period of the waveguide is used in the definition, but for some periodic waveguides, there are standing waves with the same period as the waveguide. These non-propagating waves localized around the waveguide core are special guided modes above the light line with a zero wavenumber, and they are related to transmission anomalies and other resonant phenomena. In this paper, we analyze the standing waves on two periodic waveguides: a periodic array of circular dielectric cylinders, and a dielectric slab with a periodic array of circular air-holes. Based on an efficient semi-analytic method, the frequencies of standing waves are calculated as functions of the dielectric constant and the radius of cylinders. Our work provides a basis for further studies on these waves and for realizing their potential applications.