Stability performance analysis of complex nonlinear piezoelectric energy harvesting systems

Based on the multi-directionality of the excitation source, a more accurate mathematical model is established by taking into account five kinds of nonlinearities, including material nonlinearity, geometric nonlinearity, damping nonlinearity, inertial nonlinearity and coupling nonlinearity. The effects of parameters such as excitation amplitude, damping coefficients, resistance, tip masses and nonlinear piezoelectric coefficients on the response and stability of the system are analyzed by approximate resolution. The result shows that variation of excitation amplitude induces no impact on the stability, while linear damping coefficients and nonlinear piezoelectric coefficients have remarkable impact on the unstable region. Through analyzing the influence of different parameters, the adjusting of linear damping and selecting appropriate piezoelectric material can greatly improve the stability in the low frequency range. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd