Spectrum Analysis for the Vlasov–Poisson–Boltzmann System

By identifying a norm capturing the effect of the forcing governed by the Poisson equation, we give a detailed spectrum analysis on the linearized Vlasov–Poisson–Boltzmann system around a global Maxwellian. It is shown that the electric field governed by the self-consistent Poisson equation plays a key role in the analysis so that the spectrum structure is genuinely different from the well-known one of the Boltzmann equation. Based on this, we give the optimal time decay rates of solutions to the equilibrium.