Abstract
Objectives: The metabolic impact of inadequate sleep has not been determined in healthy individuals outside laboratories. This study aims to investigate the impact of sleep duration on five metabolic syndrome components in a healthy adult cohort.
Methods: A total of 162 121 adults aged 20-80 years (men 47.4%) of the MJ Health Database, who were not obese and free from major diseases, were recruited and followed up from 1996 to 2014. Sleep duration and insomnia symptoms were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Incident cases of five metabolic syndrome components were identified by follow-up medical examinations. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for three sleep duration categories "< 6 hours/day (short)," "6-8 hours/day (regular)," and "> 8 hours/day (long)" with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Analyses were stratified by insomnia symptoms to assess whether insomnia symptoms modified the association between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome.
Results: Compared to regular sleep duration, short sleep significantly (p < .001) increased the risk for central obesity by 12% (adjusted HR 1.12 [1.07-1.17]), for elevated fasting glucose by 6% (adjusted HR 1.06 [1.03-1.09]), for high blood pressure by 8% (adjusted HR 1.08 [1.04-1.13]), for low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 7% (adjusted HR 1.07 [1.03-1.11]), for hypertriglyceridemia by 9% (adjusted HR 1.09 [1.05-1.13]), and for metabolic syndrome by 9% (adjusted HR 1.09 [1.05-1.13]). Long sleep decreased the risk of hypertriglyceridemia (adjusted HR 0.89 [0.84-0.94]) and metabolic syndrome (adjusted HR 0.93 [0.88-0.99]). Insomnia symptoms did not modify the effects of sleep duration.
Conclusions: Sleep duration may be a significant determinant of metabolic health.
© 2017 Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
Methods: A total of 162 121 adults aged 20-80 years (men 47.4%) of the MJ Health Database, who were not obese and free from major diseases, were recruited and followed up from 1996 to 2014. Sleep duration and insomnia symptoms were assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Incident cases of five metabolic syndrome components were identified by follow-up medical examinations. Cox proportional hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for three sleep duration categories "< 6 hours/day (short)," "6-8 hours/day (regular)," and "> 8 hours/day (long)" with adjustment for potential confounding factors. Analyses were stratified by insomnia symptoms to assess whether insomnia symptoms modified the association between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome.
Results: Compared to regular sleep duration, short sleep significantly (p < .001) increased the risk for central obesity by 12% (adjusted HR 1.12 [1.07-1.17]), for elevated fasting glucose by 6% (adjusted HR 1.06 [1.03-1.09]), for high blood pressure by 8% (adjusted HR 1.08 [1.04-1.13]), for low high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol by 7% (adjusted HR 1.07 [1.03-1.11]), for hypertriglyceridemia by 9% (adjusted HR 1.09 [1.05-1.13]), and for metabolic syndrome by 9% (adjusted HR 1.09 [1.05-1.13]). Long sleep decreased the risk of hypertriglyceridemia (adjusted HR 0.89 [0.84-0.94]) and metabolic syndrome (adjusted HR 0.93 [0.88-0.99]). Insomnia symptoms did not modify the effects of sleep duration.
Conclusions: Sleep duration may be a significant determinant of metabolic health.
© 2017 Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | zsx130 |
| Journal | Sleep |
| Volume | 40 |
| Issue number | 10 |
| Online published | 22 Jul 2017 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Oct 2017 |
| Externally published | Yes |
Funding
We thank the participants of the MJ Health Screening Programme and the MJ Health Research Foundation for authorizing us to use the data (Authorization Codes: MJHRF2015001A and MJHRF2015002A). Any interpretation or conclusion described in this paper does not represent the views of MJ Health Research Foundation. This study is partially supported by Environmental Health Research Fund (7104946) and the Social Science Collaborate Research Fund of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (MD13576). Dr Deng Han-Bing is partially supported by Faculty Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme of Faculty of Medicine of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (FPFS/15–16/R/02).
Research Keywords
- Diabetes
- Dyslipidemia
- Hypertension
- Metabolic syndrome
- Obesity
- Sleep duration
