Sedimentation of permeable floc

Sedimentation is an essential step to dewatering of wet materials. The present work utilized the computerized axial tomography scanner (CAT scan) to probe the sedimentation behavior of suspension with different initial solid concentrations. Not as assumed by traditional Kynch theory, the solid flux was not only a function of local solid fraction, but also of the settling time and the initial concentrations. Hence, the interior structure of floc was explored by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). Subsequently, the three-dimensional floc model was built up and intrafloc flow fields numerically solved. The area-weighted average pressure drop in the floc and mean flow rates estimated the floc permeability, based on Darcy's law, which were noted to vary along different principal axes and for different flocs. Local structure determines local flow field, hence determining the settling behavior of floc. Floc of large pores with low tortuosity produced easy flow-through paths, giving fast settling. Use of the average properties, such as porosity, cannot describe the sedimentation behavior of permeable flocs.