Scalable PVDF-TiO₂Wet-Spun Passive Radiative Cooling Textile for Wearables Applications

Passive radiative cooling provides a sustainable, zero-energy solution for thermal management by simultaneously reflecting solar radiation and emitting heat through the atmospheric transparency window (8-13μ m) to cold outer space. Although conventional textiles offer superior comfort, breathability, and seamless integration with wearables, they often fail to effectively dissipate the excess heat generated by embedded electronics, leading to inaccurate sensor readings and risks such as low-Temperature skin burns. Here, we introduce a scalable PVDF-TiO2 radiative cooling textile fabricated via a continuous wet-spinning process for wearable applications. TiO₂ nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed within a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) matrix to form composite fibers. The resulting textile achieves high solar reflectance (0.96) and strong midinfrared emissivity (0.88) in the atmospheric window. Under outdoor conditions and simulated sunlight (∼ 0.5 Sun intensity), the textile demonstrates superior passive cooling compared to commercial cotton fabric, delivering temperature reductions of up to ∼3 °C outdoors and ∼10 °C under simulated sunlight, respectively. These improvements arise from the synergistic effects of broadband solar reflection and efficient thermal emission to space. This work establishes wet-spun PVDF-TiO₂ textiles as a practical, scalable platform for energy-efficient thermal management in wearable electronics, reducing dependence on active cooling systems and supporting sustainable personal thermoregulation in a warming climate. © 2026 IEEE.