Safety for all temperature zinc-ion batteries

Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have emerged as a promising candidate in the grid scale energy storage, offering an alternative to conventional lithium-ion batteries. However, as research and development efforts in this field progress, it becomes increasingly important to address potential hazards associated with flammable gases and electrolyte components. This future paper aims to raise awareness of safety issues that may be overlooked and underscore two primary temperature-induced hazards: long-term cycling H₂ gas accumulation and flammable organic solvents. We evaluate various electrolytes aimed at minimizing gas production and improving high-temperature adaptability. Particularly, we emphasize the effectiveness of electrolyte modifications, especially co-solvent approach in addressing the above safety concerns and suggest pathways for formulating practical safe electrolytes. Notably, apart from examining the inherent electrochemical stability window (ESW) of the electrolyte, we urge consideration of side reaction products on electrode interfaces and high temperatures as factors influencing a battery's ESW. © 2024 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by ELSEVIER B.V. and Science Press.