Roles of Cytokines in Alzheimer’s Disease

Zilin Chen; Yekkuni L. Balachandran; Wai Po Chong; Kannie W. Y. Chan

doi:10.3390/ijms25115803

Roles of Cytokines in Alzheimer’s Disease

Zilin Chen
, Yekkuni L. Balachandran
, Wai Po Chong^*
, Kannie W. Y. Chan^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

69 Citations (Scopus)

50 Downloads (CityUHK Scholars)

Abstract

The neuroimmune system is a collection of immune cells, cytokines, and the glymphatic system that plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Of particular focus are cytokines, a group of immune signaling molecules that facilitate communication among immune cells and contribute to inflammation in AD. Extensive research has shown that the dysregulated secretion of certain cytokines (IL-1β, IL-17, IL-12, IL-23, IL-6, and TNF-α) promotes neuroinflammation and exacerbates neuronal damage in AD. However, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-3, IL-33, and IL-35) are also secreted during AD onset and progression, thereby preventing neuroinflammation. This review summarizes the involvement of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in AD pathology and discusses their therapeutic potential. © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Original language	English
Article number	5803
Journal	International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Volume	25
Issue number	11
Online published	26 May 2024
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25115803
Publication status	Published - Jun 2024

Funding

This research was funded by Research Grants Council (11102218, 11200422, RFS2223-1S02, C1134-20G); City University of Hong Kong (7005433, 7005626, 9609307, 9610560 and 9610616); Tung Biomedical Sciences Centre; Hong Kong Centre for Cerebrocardiovascular Health Engineering. WPC is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32370959), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong province (2021A1515010569, 2022A1515012450), and Hong Kong Baptist University (11.21.4621.AC.162846.00.00).

Research Keywords

Alzheimer’s disease
neuroimmune system
cytokine
pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines

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This full text is made available under CC-BY 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

RGC Funding Information

RGC-funded

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2 Active
3 Finished

GRF: Imaging Nose-to-brain Drug Delivery to Brain Tumors Using Multiple CEST MRI Contrast
CHAN, W. Y. K. (Principal Investigator / Project Coordinator) & LEUNG, G. K. K. (Co-Investigator)
1/01/23 → …
Project: Research
RFS: Non-invasive CEST MRI Detects Reduced CSF Clearance in the Brain for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease
CHAN, W. Y. K. (Principal Investigator / Project Coordinator)
1/01/23 → …
Project: Research
CRF: A Novel Vaccination Strategy: Using a Microrobot Platform for DNA Vaccine Delivery and Antigen Presentation
FENG, G. G. (Principal Investigator / Project Coordinator), CHAN, W. Y. K. (Co-Principal Investigator), Chen, Z. (Co-Principal Investigator), MAN, N. K. (Co-Principal Investigator), Tan, Z. (Co-Principal Investigator) & ZHANG, L. (Co-Principal Investigator)
1/06/21 → 31/05/26
Project: Research

Cite this

@article{1f947d329e66451f93e471f16192724c,

title = "Roles of Cytokines in Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Disease",

abstract = "The neuroimmune system is a collection of immune cells, cytokines, and the glymphatic system that plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease (AD). Of particular focus are cytokines, a group of immune signaling molecules that facilitate communication among immune cells and contribute to inflammation in AD. Extensive research has shown that the dysregulated secretion of certain cytokines (IL-1β, IL-17, IL-12, IL-23, IL-6, and TNF-α) promotes neuroinflammation and exacerbates neuronal damage in AD. However, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-3, IL-33, and IL-35) are also secreted during AD onset and progression, thereby preventing neuroinflammation. This review summarizes the involvement of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in AD pathology and discusses their therapeutic potential. {\textcopyright} 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

keywords = "Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease, neuroimmune system, cytokine, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines",

author = "Zilin Chen and Balachandran, \{Yekkuni L.\} and Chong, \{Wai Po\} and Chan, \{Kannie W. Y.\}",

year = "2024",

month = jun,

doi = "10.3390/ijms25115803",

language = "English",

volume = "25",

journal = "International Journal of Molecular Sciences",

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number = "11",

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T1 - Roles of Cytokines in Alzheimer’s Disease

AU - Chen, Zilin

AU - Balachandran, Yekkuni L.

AU - Chong, Wai Po

AU - Chan, Kannie W. Y.

PY - 2024/6

Y1 - 2024/6

N2 - The neuroimmune system is a collection of immune cells, cytokines, and the glymphatic system that plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Of particular focus are cytokines, a group of immune signaling molecules that facilitate communication among immune cells and contribute to inflammation in AD. Extensive research has shown that the dysregulated secretion of certain cytokines (IL-1β, IL-17, IL-12, IL-23, IL-6, and TNF-α) promotes neuroinflammation and exacerbates neuronal damage in AD. However, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-3, IL-33, and IL-35) are also secreted during AD onset and progression, thereby preventing neuroinflammation. This review summarizes the involvement of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in AD pathology and discusses their therapeutic potential. © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

AB - The neuroimmune system is a collection of immune cells, cytokines, and the glymphatic system that plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Of particular focus are cytokines, a group of immune signaling molecules that facilitate communication among immune cells and contribute to inflammation in AD. Extensive research has shown that the dysregulated secretion of certain cytokines (IL-1β, IL-17, IL-12, IL-23, IL-6, and TNF-α) promotes neuroinflammation and exacerbates neuronal damage in AD. However, anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-3, IL-33, and IL-35) are also secreted during AD onset and progression, thereby preventing neuroinflammation. This review summarizes the involvement of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in AD pathology and discusses their therapeutic potential. © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

KW - Alzheimer’s disease

KW - neuroimmune system

KW - cytokine

KW - pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines

U2 - 10.3390/ijms25115803

DO - 10.3390/ijms25115803

M3 - RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal

C2 - 38891990

SN - 1422-0067

VL - 25

JO - International Journal of Molecular Sciences

JF - International Journal of Molecular Sciences

IS - 11

M1 - 5803

ER -

Roles of Cytokines in Alzheimer’s Disease

Abstract

Funding

Research Keywords

Publisher's Copyright Statement

RGC Funding Information

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Projects

GRF: Imaging Nose-to-brain Drug Delivery to Brain Tumors Using Multiple CEST MRI Contrast

RFS: Non-invasive CEST MRI Detects Reduced CSF Clearance in the Brain for Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease

CRF: A Novel Vaccination Strategy: Using a Microrobot Platform for DNA Vaccine Delivery and Antigen Presentation

Cite this