Rational Constructions of High-Performance Flexible Aqueous Gel-State Zinc Ionic Batteries

Wenhui Wang; Chaowei Li; Wubin Zhuang; Bing Wu; Peng Wang; Kai Zhang; Zhipeng Shao; Sehan Cheng; Guo Hong; Yagang Yao

doi:10.1002/adfm.202423311

Rational Constructions of High-Performance Flexible Aqueous Gel-State Zinc Ionic Batteries

Wenhui Wang, Chaowei Li^*, Wubin Zhuang, Bing Wu, Peng Wang, Kai Zhang, Zhipeng Shao, Sehan Cheng, Guo Hong, Yagang Yao^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The rapid advancement of wearable and smart flexible electronics has imposed stringent criteria for their power supply, demanding robust mechanical flexibility, inherent safety, elevated energy density, and environmental sustainability. Flexible aqueous gel-state zinc-ion batteries (FAGZIBs) are regarded as a viable energy supply solution for flexible devices, with significant advancements achieved in this burgeoning field. Given the growing interest in FAGZIBs within the domain of aqueous batteries, it is both imperative and timely to summarize the recent advancements in this area, thereby offering essential insights for the development of FAGZIBs. First, this review comprehensively outlines the compositions, structures, energy storage mechanisms, and flexible principles of FAGZIBs. It subsequently provides in-depth analyses of recent issues and relevant solving designs of FAGZIBs. Furthermore, this review explores the emerging developments and practical applications of FAGZIBs in wearable electronics, categorized by their diverse functions, including compressibility, stretchability, electrochromic properties, freeze resistance, self-healing capabilities, and self-charging features. In conclusion, this timely and comprehensive review highlights key applications and prospective research avenues in FAGZIBs, aiming to provide guidelines for their practical application.

© 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH

Original language	English
Article number	2423311
Number of pages	37
Journal	Advanced Functional Materials
Volume	35
Issue number	45
Online published	8 Oct 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202423311
Publication status	Published - 5 Nov 2025

Funding

This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2024YFE0109200), Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2024300440), National Natural Science Foundation of China (52402040), Open Project (M37033) of the National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2025A1515011098), Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province (242102240076; 232102321038), Science and Technology Research of Anyang City, Henan Province (2023C01GX008), Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX24_0270), Innovation Training Program for College Students (202410479036), Henan Province, China.

Research Keywords

challenges and issues
flexible aqueous zinc-ion batteries
functions
gel-electrolyte
strategies

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abstract = "The rapid advancement of wearable and smart flexible electronics has imposed stringent criteria for their power supply, demanding robust mechanical flexibility, inherent safety, elevated energy density, and environmental sustainability. Flexible aqueous gel-state zinc-ion batteries (FAGZIBs) are regarded as a viable energy supply solution for flexible devices, with significant advancements achieved in this burgeoning field. Given the growing interest in FAGZIBs within the domain of aqueous batteries, it is both imperative and timely to summarize the recent advancements in this area, thereby offering essential insights for the development of FAGZIBs. First, this review comprehensively outlines the compositions, structures, energy storage mechanisms, and flexible principles of FAGZIBs. It subsequently provides in-depth analyses of recent issues and relevant solving designs of FAGZIBs. Furthermore, this review explores the emerging developments and practical applications of FAGZIBs in wearable electronics, categorized by their diverse functions, including compressibility, stretchability, electrochromic properties, freeze resistance, self-healing capabilities, and self-charging features. In conclusion, this timely and comprehensive review highlights key applications and prospective research avenues in FAGZIBs, aiming to provide guidelines for their practical application.{\textcopyright} 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH",

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AU - Wang, Wenhui

AU - Li, Chaowei

AU - Zhuang, Wubin

AU - Wu, Bing

AU - Wang, Peng

AU - Zhang, Kai

AU - Shao, Zhipeng

AU - Cheng, Sehan

AU - Hong, Guo

AU - Yao, Yagang

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N2 - The rapid advancement of wearable and smart flexible electronics has imposed stringent criteria for their power supply, demanding robust mechanical flexibility, inherent safety, elevated energy density, and environmental sustainability. Flexible aqueous gel-state zinc-ion batteries (FAGZIBs) are regarded as a viable energy supply solution for flexible devices, with significant advancements achieved in this burgeoning field. Given the growing interest in FAGZIBs within the domain of aqueous batteries, it is both imperative and timely to summarize the recent advancements in this area, thereby offering essential insights for the development of FAGZIBs. First, this review comprehensively outlines the compositions, structures, energy storage mechanisms, and flexible principles of FAGZIBs. It subsequently provides in-depth analyses of recent issues and relevant solving designs of FAGZIBs. Furthermore, this review explores the emerging developments and practical applications of FAGZIBs in wearable electronics, categorized by their diverse functions, including compressibility, stretchability, electrochromic properties, freeze resistance, self-healing capabilities, and self-charging features. In conclusion, this timely and comprehensive review highlights key applications and prospective research avenues in FAGZIBs, aiming to provide guidelines for their practical application.© 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH

AB - The rapid advancement of wearable and smart flexible electronics has imposed stringent criteria for their power supply, demanding robust mechanical flexibility, inherent safety, elevated energy density, and environmental sustainability. Flexible aqueous gel-state zinc-ion batteries (FAGZIBs) are regarded as a viable energy supply solution for flexible devices, with significant advancements achieved in this burgeoning field. Given the growing interest in FAGZIBs within the domain of aqueous batteries, it is both imperative and timely to summarize the recent advancements in this area, thereby offering essential insights for the development of FAGZIBs. First, this review comprehensively outlines the compositions, structures, energy storage mechanisms, and flexible principles of FAGZIBs. It subsequently provides in-depth analyses of recent issues and relevant solving designs of FAGZIBs. Furthermore, this review explores the emerging developments and practical applications of FAGZIBs in wearable electronics, categorized by their diverse functions, including compressibility, stretchability, electrochromic properties, freeze resistance, self-healing capabilities, and self-charging features. In conclusion, this timely and comprehensive review highlights key applications and prospective research avenues in FAGZIBs, aiming to provide guidelines for their practical application.© 2025 Wiley-VCH GmbH

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KW - gel-electrolyte

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DO - 10.1002/adfm.202423311

M3 - RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal

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ER -

Rational Constructions of High-Performance Flexible Aqueous Gel-State Zinc Ionic Batteries

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