Rapid and sensitive detection of feline herpesvirus-1 using fluorescent microspheres as labels for immunochromatographic test strips

Peipei Shao; Yuexiao Lian; Xiangnan Liu; Huizhen Liu; Jiantao Yu; Yongping Tang; Feng Cong; Ye Ge

doi:10.1007/s11259-026-11096-5

Rapid and sensitive detection of feline herpesvirus-1 using fluorescent microspheres as labels for immunochromatographic test strips

Peipei Shao (Co-first Author)
, Yuexiao Lian (Co-first Author)
, Xiangnan Liu
, Huizhen Liu
, Jiantao Yu
, Yongping Tang
, Feng Cong
, Ye Ge

Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

Abstract

Feline herpesvirus-1 is a local contact-infectious pathogen that causes acute upper respiratory tract infections in cats. This virus exclusively affects felines, with a clinical incidence rate of nearly 100%, particularly in young cats. To address this health concern, this study aimed to develop a rapid fluorescence microsphere immunochromatography assay (FM-ICA) for the direct detection of Feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) antigen. This method utilizes a fusion protein and fluorescent nanoparticle-labelled monoclonal antibody to detect FHV-1 within 10 min, achieving a detection limit of 2.5 × 10² TCID₅₀/mL. Critically, the assay exhibited excellent specificity with cross-reactivity against canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, canine adenovirus, canine coronavirus, feline plague virus, feline calicivirus, or feline infectious peritonitis virus. The field and clinical applicability of the method was evaluated using 100 clinical samples, including 30 faecal samples and 70 nasopharyngeal secretion samples from cats. The coincidence rate between the FM-ICA test results and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results of the clinical samples was 99%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2026.

Original language	English
Article number	188
Number of pages	8
Journal	Veterinary Research Communications
Volume	50
Issue number	3
Online published	4 Mar 2026
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11259-026-11096-5
Publication status	Published - Jun 2026

Bibliographical note

Full text of this publication does not contain sufficient affiliation information. With consent from the author(s) concerned, the Research Unit(s) information for this record is based on the existing academic department affiliation of the author(s).

Funding

The author declares that they have received financial support for the research, authorship and/or publication of this article. This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021 YFF 0703300).

Research Keywords

Feline herpesvirus-1
Fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic test strip (FM-ICA)
Monoclonal antibody

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title = "Rapid and sensitive detection of feline herpesvirus-1 using fluorescent microspheres as labels for immunochromatographic test strips",

abstract = "Feline herpesvirus-1 is a local contact-infectious pathogen that causes acute upper respiratory tract infections in cats. This virus exclusively affects felines, with a clinical incidence rate of nearly 100\%, particularly in young cats. To address this health concern, this study aimed to develop a rapid fluorescence microsphere immunochromatography assay (FM-ICA) for the direct detection of Feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) antigen. This method utilizes a fusion protein and fluorescent nanoparticle-labelled monoclonal antibody to detect FHV-1 within 10 min, achieving a detection limit of 2.5 × 102 TCID50/mL. Critically, the assay exhibited excellent specificity with cross-reactivity against canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, canine adenovirus, canine coronavirus, feline plague virus, feline calicivirus, or feline infectious peritonitis virus. The field and clinical applicability of the method was evaluated using 100 clinical samples, including 30 faecal samples and 70 nasopharyngeal secretion samples from cats. The coincidence rate between the FM-ICA test results and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results of the clinical samples was 99\%. {\textcopyright} The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2026.",

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Rapid and sensitive detection of feline herpesvirus-1 using fluorescent microspheres as labels for immunochromatographic test strips. / Shao, Peipei (Co-first Author); Lian, Yuexiao (Co-first Author); Liu, Xiangnan et al.
In: Veterinary Research Communications, Vol. 50, No. 3, 188, 06.2026.

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

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T1 - Rapid and sensitive detection of feline herpesvirus-1 using fluorescent microspheres as labels for immunochromatographic test strips

AU - Shao, Peipei

AU - Lian, Yuexiao

AU - Liu, Xiangnan

AU - Liu, Huizhen

AU - Yu, Jiantao

AU - Tang, Yongping

AU - Cong, Feng

AU - Ge, Ye

N1 - Full text of this publication does not contain sufficient affiliation information. With consent from the author(s) concerned, the Research Unit(s) information for this record is based on the existing academic department affiliation of the author(s).

PY - 2026/6

Y1 - 2026/6

N2 - Feline herpesvirus-1 is a local contact-infectious pathogen that causes acute upper respiratory tract infections in cats. This virus exclusively affects felines, with a clinical incidence rate of nearly 100%, particularly in young cats. To address this health concern, this study aimed to develop a rapid fluorescence microsphere immunochromatography assay (FM-ICA) for the direct detection of Feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) antigen. This method utilizes a fusion protein and fluorescent nanoparticle-labelled monoclonal antibody to detect FHV-1 within 10 min, achieving a detection limit of 2.5 × 102 TCID50/mL. Critically, the assay exhibited excellent specificity with cross-reactivity against canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, canine adenovirus, canine coronavirus, feline plague virus, feline calicivirus, or feline infectious peritonitis virus. The field and clinical applicability of the method was evaluated using 100 clinical samples, including 30 faecal samples and 70 nasopharyngeal secretion samples from cats. The coincidence rate between the FM-ICA test results and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results of the clinical samples was 99%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2026.

AB - Feline herpesvirus-1 is a local contact-infectious pathogen that causes acute upper respiratory tract infections in cats. This virus exclusively affects felines, with a clinical incidence rate of nearly 100%, particularly in young cats. To address this health concern, this study aimed to develop a rapid fluorescence microsphere immunochromatography assay (FM-ICA) for the direct detection of Feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) antigen. This method utilizes a fusion protein and fluorescent nanoparticle-labelled monoclonal antibody to detect FHV-1 within 10 min, achieving a detection limit of 2.5 × 102 TCID50/mL. Critically, the assay exhibited excellent specificity with cross-reactivity against canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, canine adenovirus, canine coronavirus, feline plague virus, feline calicivirus, or feline infectious peritonitis virus. The field and clinical applicability of the method was evaluated using 100 clinical samples, including 30 faecal samples and 70 nasopharyngeal secretion samples from cats. The coincidence rate between the FM-ICA test results and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results of the clinical samples was 99%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2026.

KW - Feline herpesvirus-1

KW - Fluorescent microsphere immunochromatographic test strip (FM-ICA)

KW - Monoclonal antibody

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M3 - RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal

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JO - Veterinary Research Communications

JF - Veterinary Research Communications

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ER -

Rapid and sensitive detection of feline herpesvirus-1 using fluorescent microspheres as labels for immunochromatographic test strips

Abstract

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