Purine Metabolic Pathway Alterations and Serum Urate Changes after Oral Inosine Loading in Male Chinese Volunteers

Background: Oral inosine loading is a new method to evaluate the effects of purine on urate metabolism. However, individuals respond differently to acute purine intake, and the effects on the metabolism of other purines remain to be explored.
Methods: 35 male participants are recruited. Participants received 500 mg of inosine orally after an overnight fast, and blood and urine samples are collected before and at various time points over 180 min after inosine administration.
Results: The serum urate concentration is significantly different between the hyperuricemia (n = 14) and non-hyperuricemia (n = 16) groups before inosine intake, but there is no in urate change after inosine intake. When grouped according to the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the increase in urate level in the high-eGFR group is significantly higher than that in the low-eGFR group (p = 0.047). The high-eGFR group showed higher levels of serum xanthine and xanthine oxidase (XOD), the key enzyme in urate synthesis, after inosine loading (p < 0.01).
Conclusions: The increase in urate level is positively related to eGFR after oral acute inosine administration, which may have been due to a higher level of XOD.
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