Investigation of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCp)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVp) /graphene oxide (GO) composite for biomedical implants

The potential advantages of using 2D graphene oxide (GO)-based composites stimulating cellular differentiation as well as improve the compressive strength of the scaffolds. The present study investigated the biphasic calcium phosphate (BCp)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVp)/Graphene oxide (GO) composite with different GO (w/w) content of 1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt%. When increasing GO content, the compressive strength of scaffolds increased by 366 ± 37, 387 ± 28, and 558 ± 14 for 1 wt%, 3 wt%, and 5 wt% respectively.The TEM images showed the presence of a homogeneous distribution of BCp nanoparticles onto the graphene oxide surface; also Raman and XRD results confirm the formation of composite scaffolds. Furthermore, in vitro cytocompatibility of the BCp-PVp/GO 5 wt% composites were evaluated by cell adhesion and live/dead analysis using MG-63 cells. The obtained results showed that no adverse effect was witnessed, which evidences the superior bio compatibility nature of the composite scaffold. These results suggested that the BCp-PVp/GO composites could be a promising material for tissue engineering application.