Recent insights into consolidated bioprocessing for lignocellulosic biohydrogen production

Biohydrogen production via dark fermentation using fermentable sugars from biomass materials is a sustainable way of procuring biohydrogen. Lignocellulosic biomass is a potential renewable feedstock for dark fermentation, but its use is challenged by the recalcitrant nature and generation of certain fermentation inhibitors resulting in compromised fermentation performance. Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP), the successful integration of hydrolysis and fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass to desirable products, has received tremendous research attentions in recent years to boost renewable fuel production in an economically feasible way. A microbial strain capable of both biomass hydrolysis and hydrogen fermentation is critical for successful CBP-based hydrogen fermentation. This review provides comprehensive information on dark fermentation for hydrogen production using lignocellulosic biomass as a potential feedstock with a CBP approach. Consolidated bioprocessing of lignocellulosic biomass for biohydrogen production via native and recombinant microbial strains is discussed in detail. Potential bottlenecks in the above mentioned processes are critically analyzed and future research perspectives are presented.