Power Management and Control for Flexible Traction Substation in Railway Hub Integrated with ESS, PV, and EV

It is promising to integrate the energy storage system (ESS), photovoltaic (PV), and electric vehicles (EVs) into the rail-way hub to achieve a flexible traction substation (FTSS) for decarbonizing the energy supply and enhancing the energy efficiency. However, the FTSS performance heavily depends on power flow management and control under complex and dynamic operating conditions. To address this issue, a centralized power flow control strategy synthesizing a joint active and reactive power manage-ment strategy (PMS) and a master-salve-based converter control strategy is proposed. The proposed PMS is executed in a central controller to determine the real-time power commands for converters by employing a joint active and reactive power command generation algorithm. Specifically, a two-stage linear optimization problem is formulated to optimize active power commands so that the utilization of regenerative braking energy (RBE) and PV energy can be maximized. Subsequently, reactive power commands are calculated based on the residual converter capacities to im-prove the power quality of the traction power system and railway distribution system. Based on the power commands from the central controller, the master-salve control coordinates the local controllers of converters for power flow control. The efficacy and su-periority of the proposed method are demonstrated through experiment and field load data-based evaluation and comparison. Besides, the implementation of the proposed method is discussed from the energy trading mechanism and application scenario. © 2026 IEEE.