Photoelectron spectroscopic study of iodine- and bromine-treated indium tin oxides and their interfaces with organic films

X. H. Sun; L. F. Cheng; M. W. Liu; L. S. Liao; N. B. Wong; C. S. Lee; S. T. Lee

doi:10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00135-0

Photoelectron spectroscopic study of iodine- and bromine-treated indium tin oxides and their interfaces with organic films

X. H. Sun, L. F. Cheng, M. W. Liu, L. S. Liao, N. B. Wong, C. S. Lee, S. T. Lee

Centre of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

26 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Work function variations of indium tin oxide (ITO) treated with solutions of iodine and bromine as well as bromine vapor were studied by ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Interfaces between the treated ITO and NPB were also investigated. Treatments by iodine and bromine solutions, and bromine vapor led to work function increase by as much as 0.6, 0.7, and 0.9 eV, respectively. After the halogen treatments, the hole-injection barrier for the NPB/ITO contact was remarkably decreased. A light-emitting device fabricated with bromine vapor-treated ITO as anode clearly demonstrated better hole injection at the ITO/NPB interface and a lower drive voltage. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	425-430
Journal	Chemical Physics Letters
Volume	370
Issue number	3-4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00135-0
Publication status	Published - 14 Mar 2003

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title = "Photoelectron spectroscopic study of iodine- and bromine-treated indium tin oxides and their interfaces with organic films",

abstract = "Work function variations of indium tin oxide (ITO) treated with solutions of iodine and bromine as well as bromine vapor were studied by ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Interfaces between the treated ITO and NPB were also investigated. Treatments by iodine and bromine solutions, and bromine vapor led to work function increase by as much as 0.6, 0.7, and 0.9 eV, respectively. After the halogen treatments, the hole-injection barrier for the NPB/ITO contact was remarkably decreased. A light-emitting device fabricated with bromine vapor-treated ITO as anode clearly demonstrated better hole injection at the ITO/NPB interface and a lower drive voltage. {\textcopyright} 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.",

author = "Sun, {X. H.} and Cheng, {L. F.} and Liu, {M. W.} and Liao, {L. S.} and Wong, {N. B.} and Lee, {C. S.} and Lee, {S. T.}",

year = "2003",

month = mar,

day = "14",

doi = "10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00135-0",

language = "English",

volume = "370",

pages = "425--430",

journal = "Chemical Physics Letters",

issn = "0009-2614",

publisher = "Elsevier B.V.",

number = "3-4",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Photoelectron spectroscopic study of iodine- and bromine-treated indium tin oxides and their interfaces with organic films

AU - Sun, X. H.

AU - Cheng, L. F.

AU - Liu, M. W.

AU - Liao, L. S.

AU - Wong, N. B.

AU - Lee, C. S.

AU - Lee, S. T.

PY - 2003/3/14

Y1 - 2003/3/14

N2 - Work function variations of indium tin oxide (ITO) treated with solutions of iodine and bromine as well as bromine vapor were studied by ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Interfaces between the treated ITO and NPB were also investigated. Treatments by iodine and bromine solutions, and bromine vapor led to work function increase by as much as 0.6, 0.7, and 0.9 eV, respectively. After the halogen treatments, the hole-injection barrier for the NPB/ITO contact was remarkably decreased. A light-emitting device fabricated with bromine vapor-treated ITO as anode clearly demonstrated better hole injection at the ITO/NPB interface and a lower drive voltage. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

AB - Work function variations of indium tin oxide (ITO) treated with solutions of iodine and bromine as well as bromine vapor were studied by ultraviolet and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopies. Interfaces between the treated ITO and NPB were also investigated. Treatments by iodine and bromine solutions, and bromine vapor led to work function increase by as much as 0.6, 0.7, and 0.9 eV, respectively. After the halogen treatments, the hole-injection barrier for the NPB/ITO contact was remarkably decreased. A light-emitting device fabricated with bromine vapor-treated ITO as anode clearly demonstrated better hole injection at the ITO/NPB interface and a lower drive voltage. © 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0037436838&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - https://www.scopus.com/record/pubmetrics.uri?eid=2-s2.0-0037436838&origin=recordpage

U2 - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00135-0

DO - 10.1016/S0009-2614(03)00135-0

M3 - RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal

SN - 0009-2614

VL - 370

SP - 425

EP - 430

JO - Chemical Physics Letters

JF - Chemical Physics Letters

IS - 3-4

ER -

Photoelectron spectroscopic study of iodine- and bromine-treated indium tin oxides and their interfaces with organic films

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