Passivity-Based Control of an Active Rectifier-Based Receiver for a Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer System

Electric vehicles (EVs) help reduce emissions, but current plug-in charging methods are slow and lack flexibility, limiting their practical application. Dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) provides a practical way to support charging during vehicle motion. In DWPT systems, inevitable variations in vehicle position and ground clearance lead to a time-varying coupling coefficient, posing additional challenges to robust power regulation. In order to mitigate the aforementioned complications, a passivity-based control (PBC) methodology is developed to ensure robust system regulation. The strategy is developed for a DWPT system employing a two-stage receiver with an active rectifier. Based on the proposed controller, the proposed system regulates the DC-bus voltage via rectifier duty-cycle modulation, ensuring stable output operation under coupling variations. To evaluate the performance of the proposed PBC strategy, extensive simulation studies are carried out in PLECS under various operating scenarios. The obtained results indicate that stable system behavior is maintained, with improved transient response, reduced output ripple, and effective soft-switching characteristics. This confirms its effectiveness for DWPT applications. © 2026 IEEE.