Multi-task Pointwise Mutual Information Learning for Bearing Remaining Useful Life Cross-Domain Imbalanced Regression

In modern industry, the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) has enabled system health analytics and monitoring through continuous data collection and networked connectivity. Bearing remaining useful life (RUL) prediction is one pivotal analytical task in preventing industrial system failures and optimizing maintenance schedules. Existing prediction methods using data face two critical engineering challenges: (1) performance degrades when deployed to unseen operational domains, and (2) imbalanced sensor data distributions cause biased predictions. Two challenges can even co-exist, which further limits the effectiveness of prediction methods using data. This study proposes a multi-task pointwise mutual information learning (MPML) based prediction model development method to tackle bearing RUL prediction under this compound challenge. MPML offers several key innovations through the following developments. First, an auxiliary task-assisted multi-task model learning scheme is devised to obtain task-wise generalizability for learning invariant latent features, and theoretical analysis is provided to explain the invariant feature learning mechanism. Furthermore, pointwise mutual information (PMI) modeling with a statistical explanation is proposed to impose adaptive biases, rectifying penalties for RUL misprediction in minority groups. Consequently, MPML addresses the unseen domain prediction through the multi-task learning scheme and effectively handles the data imbalance with the novel PMI-assisted loss. Extensive computational experiments are conducted to demonstrate the superiority of MPML, achieving a 33.12 square error compared to state-of-the-art methods. © 2025 IEEE.