Multi-Period Operation of Power-Transportation Networks with Multiple Stakeholders: A Generalized Nash Equilibrium Method

The rapid proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs) is strengthening the coupling of transportation and power networks. Both electricity prices and traffic conditions can affect EV users’ traveling and charging decisions, leading to complex interactions among various stakeholders across the two networks. This paper proposes a generalized Nash equilibrium-based method for multi-period coordinated operation of the coupled power-transportation network (CPTN) with different stakeholders. First, a multi-period decision-making model of vehicle users is established, which captures users’ flexible travel and charging demands. Then, to alleviate both power and traffic congestion, a pricing scheme is incorporated to adjust the nodal electric netload and the transportation link flow in the coupled network. Finally, the coordinated operation problem of CPTN is modeled as a generalized Nash game, which is further reformulated into variational inequalities. A modified projection-contraction algorithm is presented to obtain the equilibrium point. Simulation results demonstrate that compared with the operation method without pricing schemes, the proposed one can effectively reduce both network losses and total travel time under various conditions. The proposed vehicle user model can capture the multi-period flexible travel and charging demands, enabling users to balance time, economic, and discomfort costs. © 2025 IEEE.