Abstract
Background:
Little is known regarding the health effects of different hypertension phenotypes including isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), and systolic and diastolic hypertension (SDH) defined by the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/ American Heart Association (AHA) guideline among young adults. We conducted this longitudinal study using time-varying analyses to evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular/all-natural mortality risk and different hypertension phenotypes in young adults.
Methods:
A total of 284597 young adults (aged 18–39 years) were recruited between 1996 and 2016. Participants were classified into eight mutually exclusive BP groups: normal blood pressure (BP), elevated BP, stage 1 IDH, stage 1 ISH, stage 1 SDH, stage 2 IDH, stage 2 ISH, and stage 2 SDH. The outcomes were cardiovascular and all-natural mortality.
Results:
After a median follow-up of 15.8 years, 2341 all-natural deaths with 442 cardiovascular deaths were observed. When compared with individuals with normal BP, the multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of cardiovascular mortality was 1.39 (1.01–1.93) for elevated BP, 2.00 (1.45–2.77) for stage 1 IDH, 1.66 (1.08–2.56) for stage 1 ISH, 3.08 (2.13–4.45) for stage 1 SDH, 2.85 (1.76–4.62) for stage 2 IDH, 4.30 (2.96–6.25) for stage 2 ISH, and 6.93 (4.99–9.61) for stage 2 SDH, respectively. In consideration to all-natural mortality, similar results were observed for stage 1 SDH, stage 2 ISH, and stage 2 SDH; but not for elevated BP, stage 1 IDH, stage 1 ISH, and stage 2 IDH.
Conclusion:
Young adults with stage 1 or stage 2 ISH, IDH, and SDH are at increased risk of cardiovascular death than those with normal BP. Regardless of BP stage, SDH was associated with a higher cardiovascular mortality risk than IDH and ISH.
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Little is known regarding the health effects of different hypertension phenotypes including isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), and systolic and diastolic hypertension (SDH) defined by the 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/ American Heart Association (AHA) guideline among young adults. We conducted this longitudinal study using time-varying analyses to evaluate the relationship between cardiovascular/all-natural mortality risk and different hypertension phenotypes in young adults.
Methods:
A total of 284597 young adults (aged 18–39 years) were recruited between 1996 and 2016. Participants were classified into eight mutually exclusive BP groups: normal blood pressure (BP), elevated BP, stage 1 IDH, stage 1 ISH, stage 1 SDH, stage 2 IDH, stage 2 ISH, and stage 2 SDH. The outcomes were cardiovascular and all-natural mortality.
Results:
After a median follow-up of 15.8 years, 2341 all-natural deaths with 442 cardiovascular deaths were observed. When compared with individuals with normal BP, the multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of cardiovascular mortality was 1.39 (1.01–1.93) for elevated BP, 2.00 (1.45–2.77) for stage 1 IDH, 1.66 (1.08–2.56) for stage 1 ISH, 3.08 (2.13–4.45) for stage 1 SDH, 2.85 (1.76–4.62) for stage 2 IDH, 4.30 (2.96–6.25) for stage 2 ISH, and 6.93 (4.99–9.61) for stage 2 SDH, respectively. In consideration to all-natural mortality, similar results were observed for stage 1 SDH, stage 2 ISH, and stage 2 SDH; but not for elevated BP, stage 1 IDH, stage 1 ISH, and stage 2 IDH.
Conclusion:
Young adults with stage 1 or stage 2 ISH, IDH, and SDH are at increased risk of cardiovascular death than those with normal BP. Regardless of BP stage, SDH was associated with a higher cardiovascular mortality risk than IDH and ISH.
Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 271-279 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Journal of Hypertension |
| Volume | 41 |
| Issue number | 2 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Feb 2023 |
Funding
Fundings: this work was supported by RGC-General Research Fund (14603019) and Environmental Health Research Fund of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (7104946). Kong. C.G. is in part supported by the Research Grants Council Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme of the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
UN SDGs
This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
-
SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being
Research Keywords
- blood pressure
- cardiovascular diseases
- mortality
- young adult
- CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY
- UNITED-STATES
- PREVALENCE
- AWARENESS
- DISEASE
- STROKE
- TRENDS
- CLASSIFICATION
- PREVENTION
- MANAGEMENT
RGC Funding Information
- RGC-funded
Fingerprint
Dive into the research topics of 'Isolated systolic or diastolic hypertension and mortality risk in young adults using the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association blood pressure guideline: a longitudinal cohort study'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.Cite this
- APA
- Author
- BIBTEX
- Harvard
- Standard
- RIS
- Vancouver