Introduction

This chapter focuses on the development of nanomanufacturing, designs, and applications of nanomaterials-based devices. The process starts from the microfluidic-based delivery and separation of nanomaterials. Precise assembly can be achieved by the Atomic force microscopy based nanorobotic system. It is capable of manipulating a nanomaterial at the desired position efficiently. Since the band gap of a semiconducting material is an important consideration for many optical applications, such as optical detectors and solar cells, an electrical breakdown control method is developed to adjust the band structure of a carbon nanotubes. This process has provided a steady and high-yield on-chip band gap engineering approach in batch electronics fabrication. Therefore, the spectral response of the devices can be adjusted. Finally, thermal annealing process and packaging process have been developed to maintain stability and reliability of nanodevices. Additionally, the development of nanoantennas and photonic crystal cavities are discussed, which introduce field enhancement for nano-optoelectronic devices. The integration of these technologies has provided an effective and efficient nano manufacturing process for fabrication of next generation of nano-optical sensors and electronic devices. © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.