Interactions of Li, Ca, and Al with aromatic carbon materials: An ab initio study

The interactions of benzene (C6 H6), naphthalene (C10 H8), and perinaphthene (C13 H9) with metal atoms (Li, Ca, and Al) were studied using second-order Møller-Plesset perturbation theory. By analyzing the frontier molecular orbitals, geometric structures, binding energies, and charge transfers, it was found that these metal atoms can bond strongly with C13 H9, but can only bond weakly with C6 H6 and C10 H8. The bonding nature between a metal atom and C13 H9 at their ground state depends significantly on the valence orbital of the metal atom and the π -bonding distribution of the aromatic hydrocarbons. The spindly shaped 3p valence orbital of an Al atom results in the deviation of the adsorption site to the edge of C13 H9, whereas the ball-shaped 2s4s valence orbitals of a Li and a Ca atom facilitate their overlap with the second lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of C13 H9. Further, Hartree-Fock and density-functional theory methods were demonstrated generally to be unreliable in describing the interactions of metal atoms with these π systems. © 2005 American Institute of Physics.