Hybridization theory for plasmon resonance in metallic nanostructures

In this paper, we investigate the hybridization theory of plasmon resonance in metallic nanostructures, which has been validated by the authors in Prodan et al. (Prodan et al. 2003 A hybridization model for the plasmon response of complex nanostructures. Science 302, 419–422. (doi:10.1126/science.1089171)) through a series of experiments. In an electrostatic field, we establish a mathematical framework for the Neumann–Poincaré (NP)-type operators for metallic nanoparticles with general geometries related to core and shell scales. We calculate the plasmon resonance frequency of concentric disc metal nanoshells with normal perturbations at the interfaces using asymptotic analysis and standard perturbation theory to reveal the intrinsic hybridization between solid and cavity plasmon modes. The theoretical findings are convincingly supported by extensive numerical experiments. Our theory corroborates and strengthens the premise that by properly enriching the materials structures as well as the underlying geometries, one can induce much richer plasmon resonance phenomena of practical significance. © 2025 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.