Highly thermo-stable resveratrol-based flame retardant for enhancing mechanical and fire safety properties of epoxy resins

Yu Xu, Wen-Jie Yang, Qian-Kun Zhou, Tian-Yu Gao, Guo-Mei Xu, Qi-Long Tai, San-E Zhu, Hong-Dian Lu, Richard K.K. Yuen, Wei Yang*, Chun-Xiang Wei*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and ReviewsRGC 21 - Publication in refereed journalpeer-review

108 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The integration of flame-retardant additive with both excellent thermal stability and remarkable fire-retarded efficiency into epoxy resins (EP) is highly demanded while challenging. Herein, a novel bio-based flame retardant (referred to DPOR) was synthesized via one-step reaction of resveratrol and diphenylphosphonyl chloride. The as-prepared DPOR exhibited outstanding thermal stability, with an initial thermal decomposition temperature of 438.4 °C, contributing from the reduced intermolecular π–π interaction and incremental oligomerization during the heating process. It was further utilized as additive for the manufacture of high-performance EP composites (EP-DPOR). Notably, DPOR can also act as mechanical reinforcer that enhanced the strength and toughness of EP. The EP-DPOR3 (3 wt% DPOR) showed a superior stretchability (15.9 %) and high tensile strength (59.3 MPa) compared to neat EP (12.4 %, 46.7 MPa). Additionally, the burning test results indicated that DPOR endowed the EP with greatly enhanced flame resistance, achieving a UL-94 V-0 rating with an increase of LOI values to 34.5 % at a low loading of 5 wt%. In cone calorimeter tests, it showed that heat and smoke release was effectively inhibited during combustion in comparison with EP, wherein the PHRR value of EP-DPOR was 27.5 % lower than EP. Thus, it is highly anticipated that DPOR, as a new type of bio-based flame retardant with superior thermal stability and efficient flame- retardant properties, holds a great potential for the development of next-generation flame retardant.
Original languageEnglish
Article number138475
JournalChemical Engineering Journal
Volume450
Issue numberPart 4
Online published25 Aug 2022
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 15 Dec 2022

Funding

This work was co-financed by Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholar (2008085J26), National Natural Science Foundation of China (21702042), Natural Science Foundation in University of Anhui Province (KJ2021ZD0119), Startup Fund for Distinguished Scholars in Hefei University (20RC37), Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (2108085QB47) and Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (CityU 11208617).

Research Keywords

  • Epoxy resin
  • Flame retardant
  • Mechanical properties
  • Resveratrol
  • Thermal stability

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