High Harmonic Generation in Integrated Nonlinear Platforms

Yuhua Li; Shao Hao Wang; Brent E. Little; Sai Tak Chu

doi:10.2528/PIER24111201

High Harmonic Generation in Integrated Nonlinear Platforms

Yuhua Li
, Shao Hao Wang
, Brent E. Little
, Sai Tak Chu^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Physics

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

122 Downloads (CityUHK Scholars)

Abstract

Lasers emitting visible light based on high harmonic generation (HHG) have significantly enhanced measurement capabil-ities, enabling new applications across precision metrology, attosecond science, and ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy. This paper discusses the theoretical framework of HHG with a focus on nonlinear effects, examining in depth second-harmonic generation (SHG) and third-harmonic generation (THG) mechanisms, as well as a thermal nonlinear model for pump stability analysis. The current state of HHG within integrated optical circuits is reviewed, with a particular emphasis on its implementation in high-index doped silica glass micro-ring resonators (HDSG MRRs). We conclude by addressing future directions for optimizing these systems to expand their appli-cability in advanced photonic technologies, highlighting their potential for innovation in both applied and fundamental sciences. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	27-54
Journal	Progress in Electromagnetics Research
Volume	182
Online published	22 Jan 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.2528/PIER24111201
Publication status	Published - 2025

Funding

This work is partly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 62105291), General Research Fund from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council (Grant No. 11307823), the CityU New Research Initiatives/Infrastructure Support from Central (APRC) (Grant No. 9610395), the Open Fund of IP-OC (BUPT) (Grant No. IPOC2022A01), and the Science Foundation of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University (Grant No. 11430131282104).

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COPYRIGHT TERMS OF DEPOSITED FINAL PUBLISHED VERSION FILE: Yuhua Li, Shao Hao Wang, Brent E. Little, and Sai Tak Chu, "High Harmonic Generation in Integrated Nonlinear Platforms," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 182, 27-54, 2025. doi:10.2528/PIER24111201. This full text is made available under CC-BY 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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abstract = "Lasers emitting visible light based on high harmonic generation (HHG) have significantly enhanced measurement capabil-ities, enabling new applications across precision metrology, attosecond science, and ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy. This paper discusses the theoretical framework of HHG with a focus on nonlinear effects, examining in depth second-harmonic generation (SHG) and third-harmonic generation (THG) mechanisms, as well as a thermal nonlinear model for pump stability analysis. The current state of HHG within integrated optical circuits is reviewed, with a particular emphasis on its implementation in high-index doped silica glass micro-ring resonators (HDSG MRRs). We conclude by addressing future directions for optimizing these systems to expand their appli-cability in advanced photonic technologies, highlighting their potential for innovation in both applied and fundamental sciences. {\textcopyright} 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.",

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AB - Lasers emitting visible light based on high harmonic generation (HHG) have significantly enhanced measurement capabil-ities, enabling new applications across precision metrology, attosecond science, and ultrafast time-resolved spectroscopy. This paper discusses the theoretical framework of HHG with a focus on nonlinear effects, examining in depth second-harmonic generation (SHG) and third-harmonic generation (THG) mechanisms, as well as a thermal nonlinear model for pump stability analysis. The current state of HHG within integrated optical circuits is reviewed, with a particular emphasis on its implementation in high-index doped silica glass micro-ring resonators (HDSG MRRs). We conclude by addressing future directions for optimizing these systems to expand their appli-cability in advanced photonic technologies, highlighting their potential for innovation in both applied and fundamental sciences. © 2025, Electromagnetics Academy. All rights reserved.

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JO - Progress in Electromagnetics Research

JF - Progress in Electromagnetics Research

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High Harmonic Generation in Integrated Nonlinear Platforms

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High Harmonic Generation in Integrated Nonlinear Platforms

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GRF: Integrated Sources of Quantum States and On-chip Quantum Interferometers

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