Group Delay Controlled by the Decoherence of a Single Artificial Atom

Y-T Cheng; K-M Hsieh; B-Y Wu; Z. Q. Niu; F. Aziz; Y-H Huang; P. Y. Wen; K-T Lin; Y-H Lin; J. C. Chen; A. F. Kockum; G-D Lin; Z-R Lin; Y. Lu; I-C Hoi

doi:10.1103/fkzb-fxv4

Group Delay Controlled by the Decoherence of a Single Artificial Atom

Y-T Cheng (Co-first Author), K-M Hsieh (Co-first Author), B-Y Wu (Co-first Author), Z. Q. Niu (Co-first Author), F. Aziz, Y-H Huang, P. Y. Wen, K-T Lin, Y-H Lin, J. C. Chen, A. F. Kockum, G-D Lin, Z-R Lin^*, Y. Lu^*, I-C Hoi^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Department of Physics

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

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Abstract

The ability to slow down light at the single-photon level has applications in quantum information processing and other quantum technologies. We demonstrate two methods, both using just a single artificial atom, enabling dynamic control over microwave light velocities in waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED). Our methods are based on two distinct mechanisms harnessing the balance between radiative decay and nonradiative decoherence rates of a superconducting artificial atom in front of a mirror. In the first method, we tune the radiative decay of the atom using interference effects due to the mirror; in the second method, we pump the atom to effectively control its nonradiative decoherence. When the half of the radiative decay rate exceeds the nonradiative decoherence rate, we observe positive group delay; conversely, dominance of the nonradiative decoherence results in negative group delay. Our results advance signal-processing capabilities in waveguide QED. © 2025 American Physical Society

Original language	English
Article number	073601
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	135
Issue number	7
Online published	13 Aug 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/fkzb-fxv4
Publication status	Published - 15 Aug 2025

Funding

I.-C. H. acknowledges financial support from the City University of Hong Kong through Projects No. 9610569, No. 11307723, and No. 9610617, from the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (Grants No. 11312322 and No. 11307324), and from the Guangdong Provincial Quantum Science Strategic Initiative (Grants No. GDZX2203001, No. GDZX2303005, and No. GDZX2403001). G.-D. L. and K.-T. L. received support from MOST/NSTC of Taiwan under Grants No. 112-2112-M-002-001 and No. 112-2811-M-002-067. A. F. K. acknowledges support from the Swedish Research Council (Grant No. 2019-03696), the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (Grants No. FFL21-0279 and No. FUS21-0063), the Horizon Europe program HORIZON-CL4-2022-QUANTUM-01-SGA via Project No. 101113946 OpenSuperQPlus100, and from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation through the Wallenberg Centre for Quantum Technology (WACQT). Z.-R. L. acknowledges support from Shanghai Technology Innovation Action Plan Integrated Circuit Technology Support Program (Grant No. 22DZ1100200).

Publisher's Copyright Statement

COPYRIGHT TERMS OF DEPOSITED FINAL PUBLISHED VERSION FILE: Cheng, Y.-T., Hsieh, K.-M., Wu, B.-Y., Niu, Z. Q., Aziz, F., Huang, Y.-H., Wen, P. Y., Lin, K.-T., Lin, Y.-H., Chen, J. C., Kockum, A. F., Lin, G.-D., Lin, Z.-R., Lu, Y., & Hoi, I.-C. (2025). Group Delay Controlled by the Decoherence of a Single Artificial Atom. Physical Review Letters, 135(7), Article 07360. https://doi.org/10.1103/fkzb-fxv4 The copyright of this article is owned by American Physical Society.

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abstract = "The ability to slow down light at the single-photon level has applications in quantum information processing and other quantum technologies. We demonstrate two methods, both using just a single artificial atom, enabling dynamic control over microwave light velocities in waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED). Our methods are based on two distinct mechanisms harnessing the balance between radiative decay and nonradiative decoherence rates of a superconducting artificial atom in front of a mirror. In the first method, we tune the radiative decay of the atom using interference effects due to the mirror; in the second method, we pump the atom to effectively control its nonradiative decoherence. When the half of the radiative decay rate exceeds the nonradiative decoherence rate, we observe positive group delay; conversely, dominance of the nonradiative decoherence results in negative group delay. Our results advance signal-processing capabilities in waveguide QED. {\textcopyright} 2025 American Physical Society",

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AU - Aziz, F.

AU - Huang, Y-H

AU - Wen, P. Y.

AU - Lin, K-T

AU - Lin, Y-H

AU - Chen, J. C.

AU - Kockum, A. F.

AU - Lin, G-D

AU - Lin, Z-R

AU - Lu, Y.

AU - Hoi, I-C

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AB - The ability to slow down light at the single-photon level has applications in quantum information processing and other quantum technologies. We demonstrate two methods, both using just a single artificial atom, enabling dynamic control over microwave light velocities in waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED). Our methods are based on two distinct mechanisms harnessing the balance between radiative decay and nonradiative decoherence rates of a superconducting artificial atom in front of a mirror. In the first method, we tune the radiative decay of the atom using interference effects due to the mirror; in the second method, we pump the atom to effectively control its nonradiative decoherence. When the half of the radiative decay rate exceeds the nonradiative decoherence rate, we observe positive group delay; conversely, dominance of the nonradiative decoherence results in negative group delay. Our results advance signal-processing capabilities in waveguide QED. © 2025 American Physical Society

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Group Delay Controlled by the Decoherence of a Single Artificial Atom

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GRF: Quantum Sensing with Interferometer Based on Superconducting Circuits

GRF: Correlated Decay and Coherent Exchange Interaction between Two Distant Superconducting Qubits

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