Gross pathology associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 and H5N1 in naturally infected birds in the UK (2020–2021)

Fabian Z. X. Lean; Alejandro Núñez; Ashley C. Banyard; Scott M. Reid; Ian H. Brown; Rowena D. E. Hansen

doi:10.1002/vetr.731

Gross pathology associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 and H5N1 in naturally infected birds in the UK (2020–2021)

Fabian Z. X. Lean^*
, Alejandro Núñez
, Ashley C. Banyard
, Scott M. Reid
, Ian H. Brown
, Rowena D. E. Hansen

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

25 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

Background: Multiple outbreaks with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses, including H5N8 and H5N1, have occurred in the United Kingdom, as well as in other European countries, since late 2020.

Methods: This report describes the pathology among poultry species (chickens, turkeys, ducks, and pheasants) and captive birds (Black Swans, a whistling duck and peregrine falcons) naturally infected with HPAIV from 22 cases of HPAIV H5N8 and two cases of HPAIV H5N1 outbreaks investigated between October 2020 and April 2021.

Results: On gross examination, pancreatic necrosis was easily identified and most commonly observed in galliformes infected with both subtypes of HPAIV but rarely in anseriformes. In addition, splenic necrosis was also frequently observed in chickens and turkeys infected with HPAIV H5N8. Other less common lesions included cardiac petechiae, serosal haemorrhages and ascites in a variety of species.

Conclusion: Given the widespread dissemination of HPAIV infection in susceptible avian species during autumn/winter 2020–2021, these data, when evaluated along with clinical information, is a valuable first step for both veterinarians and field services to evaluate gross pathology at post-mortem to support the diagnosis of HPAIV infection.

Original language	English
Article number	e731
Journal	Veterinary Record
Volume	190
Issue number	1
Online published	26 Jul 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1002/vetr.731
Publication status	Published - 8 Jan 2022
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Crown copyright. Veterinary Record published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Veterinary Association.

Funding

This work was funded by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) and the devolved governments (Wales and Scotland) via surveillance and diagnostic contract SV3400 - Monitoring for statutory and exotic virus diseases of avian species and research project, and SE2213 FluFutures 2.0 - Understanding of the diverse spectrum influenza virus-based threats to the UK.

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This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

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This full text is made available under CC-BY-NC 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/

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abstract = "Background: Multiple outbreaks with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses, including H5N8 and H5N1, have occurred in the United Kingdom, as well as in other European countries, since late 2020.Methods: This report describes the pathology among poultry species (chickens, turkeys, ducks, and pheasants) and captive birds (Black Swans, a whistling duck and peregrine falcons) naturally infected with HPAIV from 22 cases of HPAIV H5N8 and two cases of HPAIV H5N1 outbreaks investigated between October 2020 and April 2021. Results: On gross examination, pancreatic necrosis was easily identified and most commonly observed in galliformes infected with both subtypes of HPAIV but rarely in anseriformes. In addition, splenic necrosis was also frequently observed in chickens and turkeys infected with HPAIV H5N8. Other less common lesions included cardiac petechiae, serosal haemorrhages and ascites in a variety of species. Conclusion: Given the widespread dissemination of HPAIV infection in susceptible avian species during autumn/winter 2020–2021, these data, when evaluated along with clinical information, is a valuable first step for both veterinarians and field services to evaluate gross pathology at post-mortem to support the diagnosis of HPAIV infection.{\textcopyright} 2021 Crown copyright. Veterinary Record published by John Wiley \& Sons Ltd on behalf of British Veterinary Association.",

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AU - Reid, Scott M.

AU - Brown, Ian H.

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Gross pathology associated with highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N8 and H5N1 in naturally infected birds in the UK (2020–2021)

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Publisher's Copyright Statement

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