Gallium containing high entropy alloy inhibits biofilm formation and enhances osseointegration

Prosthetic joint infections have gained tremendous attention in recent years due to their high treatment costs, severe personal consequences, and heavy social burdens. Antimicrobial high-entropy alloys (HEAs) are considered promising implant materials for PJI prevention because of their mechanical properties surpass those of conventional alloys. In this study, we developed a series of gallium (Ga)-containing HEAs and experimentally identified an appropriate addition ratio of Ga. These alloys not only demonstrated excellent mechanical properties and wear resistance but also exhibited strong antibiofilm activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.a), both common in orthopedic infections. Additionally, Ga-containing HEAs showed good biocompatibility and osteoblastic ability and significant antibacterial therapeutic effects in a dorsal subcutaneous implantation model. In conclusion, Ga-containing HEAs raw materials hold promise as ideal implant materials for orthopedic applications. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd.