Facile synthesis of vertically aligned Ni-In₂O₃ nanoflakes for supercapacitors

The worldwide growing demand for energy and the depletion of conventional fossil fuel resources have intensified the search for sustainable and high-efficiency energy storage systems. Supercapacitors have gained significant attention because of their high-power density, fast charging and discharging capabilities, and long-life span. This study focuses on developing and analyzing vertically aligned Ni-In₂O₃ nanoflakes for high-performance supercapacitors. The nanostructured electrode material was fabricated via a facile single-step hydrothermal process and systematically analyzed using various techniques. The Ni-In₂O₃ nanoflakes electrode exhibited specific capacitance of 860 F g⁻¹ at current density of 1 A g⁻¹, along with excellent rate performance, and low internal resistance. The Ni-In₂O₃ electrode exhibited a cyclic stability of 71.9% and maintaining Coulombic efficiency of 99% after 3,000 charge–discharge cycles. These results suggest that Ni-In₂O₃ nanoflakes could be highly effective electrode materials for next-generation sustainable energy storage systems. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2025.