Evaluating the Relationship between Freight Transport, Economic Prosperity, Urbanization, and CO2 Emissions : Evidence from Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea

Research output: Journal Publications and ReviewsRGC 21 - Publication in refereed journalpeer-review

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Original languageEnglish
Article number10664
Journal / PublicationSustainability
Volume12
Issue number24
Online published21 Dec 2020
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2020

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Abstract

This paper analyzes the relationship between freight transport, economic prosperity, carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, energy consumption, and urbanization for three top Asian economies, namely, Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea during 1995–2017. For this purpose, we use the augmented Dickey-Fuller test for the stationary of the series, Johansen co-integration approach, and fully modified ordinary least squares and Granger causality model to infer the causal relationship between the study variables. The results show that economic prosperity (GDP) and energy consumption (EC) have a significant impact on freight transport (FT) for all three economies. In addition, the results also manifest the existence of bidirectional causality between GDP and FT in Singapore but a unidirectional causality running from GDP to FT in the case of Hong Kong and South Korea. As a quick policy option, controlling fossil fuel energy consumption in the transport sector may result in a remarkable reduction in CO2 emissions. The present study provides new insights to decision-makers for designing comprehensive energy and environmental policies for future sustainable freight transport growth in the long run.

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Evaluating the Relationship between Freight Transport, Economic Prosperity, Urbanization, and CO2 Emissions: Evidence from Hong Kong, Singapore, and South Korea. / Shafique, Muhammad; Azam, Anam; Rafiq, Muhammad et al.
In: Sustainability, Vol. 12, No. 24, 10664, 12.2020.

Research output: Journal Publications and ReviewsRGC 21 - Publication in refereed journalpeer-review

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