Electrodeposition of PEDOT:ClO4 on non-noble tungsten microwire for nerve and brain recordings

Amparo Güemes; Antonio Dominguez-Alfaro; Ryo Mizuta; Santiago Velasco-Bosom; Alejandro Carnicer-Lombarte; Damiano G. Barone; David Mecerreyes; George Malliaras

doi:10.1039/d3ma00949a

Electrodeposition of PEDOT:ClO4 on non-noble tungsten microwire for nerve and brain recordings

Amparo Güemes (Co-first Author)
, Antonio Dominguez-Alfaro (Co-first Author)
, Ryo Mizuta
, Santiago Velasco-Bosom
, Alejandro Carnicer-Lombarte
, Damiano G. Barone
, David Mecerreyes
, George Malliaras^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

5 Citations (Scopus)

1 Downloads (CityUHK Scholars)

Abstract

Tungsten microwires are commonly used in neuroscience for their high mechanical strength, flexibility, which allows tailoring them to brain and peripheral nerve implantations, and cost-effectiveness compared to other electrode materials. However, challenges such as high impedance and foreign body reactions limit their use as acute and chronic electrophysiology tools. In this work, we propose a novel method for successfully coating tungsten microwires with PEDOT (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) doped with perchlorate anions ClO₄⁻ using electropolymerization. Pre-treatment of the microwires with annealing resulted in the formation of a WO₃ coating that facilitated the nucleation and deposition of PEDOT, which was more homogeneous than that on gold microwires under the same conditions. In vitro, PEDOT decreased the impedance and increased the capacitance compared to bare tungsten microwires. In vivo, the PEDOT coating enhanced the signal-to-noise ratio and reduced the standard deviation of noise in acute preliminary electrophysiology recordings of spontaneous activity in the brain and evoked activity in the sciatic nerve of the rat. © 2023 The Author(s).

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	6741-6753
Number of pages	13
Journal	Materials Advances
Volume	4
Issue number	24
Online published	4 Dec 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ma00949a
Publication status	Published - 21 Dec 2023
Externally published	Yes

Funding

A. G\u00FCemes acknowledges funding support from the Royal Commission for the Exhibition of 1851. A. Dominguez-Alfaro acknowledges UPV/EHU for funding transferred by the European Union-Next Generation EU by the Margarita Salas fellowship. (MARSA N\u00B0 agreement 22/77). A. Carnicer-Lombarte acknowledges support from the University of Cambridge for a Borysiewicz Interdisciplinary Fellowship. S. Velasco-Bosom and G. Malliaras acknowledge support by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (NIHR203312). The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. This work was supported by Marie Sklodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchanges (RISE) under grant agreement no. 823989 \u2018\u2018IONBIKE\u2019\u2019. For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission.

Publisher's Copyright Statement

This full text is made available under CC-BY 3.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

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title = "Electrodeposition of PEDOT:ClO4 on non-noble tungsten microwire for nerve and brain recordings",

abstract = "Tungsten microwires are commonly used in neuroscience for their high mechanical strength, flexibility, which allows tailoring them to brain and peripheral nerve implantations, and cost-effectiveness compared to other electrode materials. However, challenges such as high impedance and foreign body reactions limit their use as acute and chronic electrophysiology tools. In this work, we propose a novel method for successfully coating tungsten microwires with PEDOT (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) doped with perchlorate anions ClO4− using electropolymerization. Pre-treatment of the microwires with annealing resulted in the formation of a WO3 coating that facilitated the nucleation and deposition of PEDOT, which was more homogeneous than that on gold microwires under the same conditions. In vitro, PEDOT decreased the impedance and increased the capacitance compared to bare tungsten microwires. In vivo, the PEDOT coating enhanced the signal-to-noise ratio and reduced the standard deviation of noise in acute preliminary electrophysiology recordings of spontaneous activity in the brain and evoked activity in the sciatic nerve of the rat. {\textcopyright} 2023 The Author(s).",

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Electrodeposition of PEDOT:ClO4 on non-noble tungsten microwire for nerve and brain recordings. / Güemes, Amparo (Co-first Author); Dominguez-Alfaro, Antonio (Co-first Author); Mizuta, Ryo et al.
In: Materials Advances, Vol. 4, No. 24, 21.12.2023, p. 6741-6753.

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

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T1 - Electrodeposition of PEDOT:ClO4 on non-noble tungsten microwire for nerve and brain recordings

AU - Güemes, Amparo

AU - Dominguez-Alfaro, Antonio

AU - Mizuta, Ryo

AU - Velasco-Bosom, Santiago

AU - Carnicer-Lombarte, Alejandro

AU - Barone, Damiano G.

AU - Mecerreyes, David

AU - Malliaras, George

PY - 2023/12/21

Y1 - 2023/12/21

N2 - Tungsten microwires are commonly used in neuroscience for their high mechanical strength, flexibility, which allows tailoring them to brain and peripheral nerve implantations, and cost-effectiveness compared to other electrode materials. However, challenges such as high impedance and foreign body reactions limit their use as acute and chronic electrophysiology tools. In this work, we propose a novel method for successfully coating tungsten microwires with PEDOT (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) doped with perchlorate anions ClO4− using electropolymerization. Pre-treatment of the microwires with annealing resulted in the formation of a WO3 coating that facilitated the nucleation and deposition of PEDOT, which was more homogeneous than that on gold microwires under the same conditions. In vitro, PEDOT decreased the impedance and increased the capacitance compared to bare tungsten microwires. In vivo, the PEDOT coating enhanced the signal-to-noise ratio and reduced the standard deviation of noise in acute preliminary electrophysiology recordings of spontaneous activity in the brain and evoked activity in the sciatic nerve of the rat. © 2023 The Author(s).

AB - Tungsten microwires are commonly used in neuroscience for their high mechanical strength, flexibility, which allows tailoring them to brain and peripheral nerve implantations, and cost-effectiveness compared to other electrode materials. However, challenges such as high impedance and foreign body reactions limit their use as acute and chronic electrophysiology tools. In this work, we propose a novel method for successfully coating tungsten microwires with PEDOT (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) doped with perchlorate anions ClO4− using electropolymerization. Pre-treatment of the microwires with annealing resulted in the formation of a WO3 coating that facilitated the nucleation and deposition of PEDOT, which was more homogeneous than that on gold microwires under the same conditions. In vitro, PEDOT decreased the impedance and increased the capacitance compared to bare tungsten microwires. In vivo, the PEDOT coating enhanced the signal-to-noise ratio and reduced the standard deviation of noise in acute preliminary electrophysiology recordings of spontaneous activity in the brain and evoked activity in the sciatic nerve of the rat. © 2023 The Author(s).

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