Double-Groove ZnO-Au Photonic Quasi-crystal Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

Qiang Liu; Xinrui Li; Li Liu; Kaiyu Wang; Yudan Sun; Xiaoxu Zhang; Wei Liu; Jingwei Lv; Xueyan Zhao; Paul K. Chu; Chao Liu

doi:10.1007/s11468-025-03119-9

Double-Groove ZnO-Au Photonic Quasi-crystal Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

Qiang Liu
, Xinrui Li
, Li Liu
, Kaiyu Wang
, Yudan Sun
, Xiaoxu Zhang
, Wei Liu
, Jingwei Lv
, Xueyan Zhao
, Paul K. Chu
, Chao Liu^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

Abstract

A photonic quasi-crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance (PQF-SPR) sensor composed of a ZnO–Au bilayer film is designed and analyzed. The dual-core groove structure is designed to improve the performance of the sensor. The finite element method is performed to analyze the influence of the groove shape on the sensing properties. The results reveal that the shape of the groove directly influences the coupling between the core mode and the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode as well as the peak loss and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the loss spectra. By optimizing the groove shape and structural parameters of the PQF, a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 25,000 nm/RIU and a quality factor (figure of merit) of 432 RIU⁻¹are attained in the refractive index range between 1.30 and 1.41. This study provides valuable insights and guidance for the development and optimization of high-performance SPR sensors. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	10489-10498
Journal	Plasmonics
Volume	20
Issue number	11
Online published	27 Jun 2025
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-025-03119-9
Publication status	Published - Nov 2025

Funding

This work was jointly supported by the Basic Research Support Project for the Excellent Youth Scholars of Heilongjiang Province [YQJH2023077], Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund [ZDYF2022GXJS222], Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province [JQ2023F001, LH2021F007], China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project [2020M670881], and City University of Hong Kong Donation Research Grants [DON-RMG 9229021 and 9220061].

Research Keywords

PQF-SPR sensor
Surface plasmon resonance
Photonic quasi-crystal fiber
ZnO-Au composite film

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RGC-funded

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10.1007/s11468-025-03119-9

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title = "Double-Groove ZnO-Au Photonic Quasi-crystal Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor",

abstract = "A photonic quasi-crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance (PQF-SPR) sensor composed of a ZnO–Au bilayer film is designed and analyzed. The dual-core groove structure is designed to improve the performance of the sensor. The finite element method is performed to analyze the influence of the groove shape on the sensing properties. The results reveal that the shape of the groove directly influences the coupling between the core mode and the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode as well as the peak loss and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the loss spectra. By optimizing the groove shape and structural parameters of the PQF, a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 25,000 nm/RIU and a quality factor (figure of merit) of 432 RIU−1 are attained in the refractive index range between 1.30 and 1.41. This study provides valuable insights and guidance for the development and optimization of high-performance SPR sensors. {\textcopyright} The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025",

keywords = "PQF-SPR sensor, Surface plasmon resonance, Photonic quasi-crystal fiber, ZnO-Au composite film",

author = "Qiang Liu and Xinrui Li and Li Liu and Kaiyu Wang and Yudan Sun and Xiaoxu Zhang and Wei Liu and Jingwei Lv and Xueyan Zhao and Chu, \{Paul K.\} and Chao Liu",

year = "2025",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1007/s11468-025-03119-9",

language = "English",

volume = "20",

pages = "10489--10498",

journal = "Plasmonics",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Double-Groove ZnO-Au Photonic Quasi-crystal Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

AU - Liu, Qiang

AU - Li, Xinrui

AU - Liu, Li

AU - Wang, Kaiyu

AU - Sun, Yudan

AU - Zhang, Xiaoxu

AU - Liu, Wei

AU - Lv, Jingwei

AU - Zhao, Xueyan

AU - Chu, Paul K.

AU - Liu, Chao

PY - 2025/11

Y1 - 2025/11

N2 - A photonic quasi-crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance (PQF-SPR) sensor composed of a ZnO–Au bilayer film is designed and analyzed. The dual-core groove structure is designed to improve the performance of the sensor. The finite element method is performed to analyze the influence of the groove shape on the sensing properties. The results reveal that the shape of the groove directly influences the coupling between the core mode and the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode as well as the peak loss and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the loss spectra. By optimizing the groove shape and structural parameters of the PQF, a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 25,000 nm/RIU and a quality factor (figure of merit) of 432 RIU−1 are attained in the refractive index range between 1.30 and 1.41. This study provides valuable insights and guidance for the development and optimization of high-performance SPR sensors. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025

AB - A photonic quasi-crystal fiber surface plasmon resonance (PQF-SPR) sensor composed of a ZnO–Au bilayer film is designed and analyzed. The dual-core groove structure is designed to improve the performance of the sensor. The finite element method is performed to analyze the influence of the groove shape on the sensing properties. The results reveal that the shape of the groove directly influences the coupling between the core mode and the surface plasmon polariton (SPP) mode as well as the peak loss and full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the loss spectra. By optimizing the groove shape and structural parameters of the PQF, a maximum wavelength sensitivity of 25,000 nm/RIU and a quality factor (figure of merit) of 432 RIU−1 are attained in the refractive index range between 1.30 and 1.41. This study provides valuable insights and guidance for the development and optimization of high-performance SPR sensors. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025

KW - PQF-SPR sensor

KW - Surface plasmon resonance

KW - Photonic quasi-crystal fiber

KW - ZnO-Au composite film

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U2 - 10.1007/s11468-025-03119-9

DO - 10.1007/s11468-025-03119-9

M3 - RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal

SN - 1557-1955

VL - 20

SP - 10489

EP - 10498

JO - Plasmonics

JF - Plasmonics

IS - 11

ER -

Double-Groove ZnO-Au Photonic Quasi-crystal Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

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DON_RMG: Fabrication, Characterization, and Properties of Functional Materials - RMGS

DON: Surface Modification and Fabrication of Advanced Materials

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Double-Groove ZnO-Au Photonic Quasi-crystal Fiber Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor

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Research Keywords

RGC Funding Information

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DON_RMG: Fabrication, Characterization, and Properties of Functional Materials - RMGS

DON: Surface Modification and Fabrication of Advanced Materials

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