Differential Influence of Age on the Relationship between Genetic Mismatch and A(H1N1)pdm09 Vaccine Effectiveness

Lirong Cao; Shi Zhao; Jingzhi Lou; Hong Zheng; Renee W.Y. Chan; Marc K.C. Chong; Zigui Chen; Paul K.S. Chan; Benny C.Y. Zee; Maggie H. Wang

doi:10.3390/v13040619

Differential Influence of Age on the Relationship between Genetic Mismatch and A(H1N1)pdm09 Vaccine Effectiveness

Lirong Cao
, Shi Zhao
, Jingzhi Lou
, Hong Zheng
, Renee W.Y. Chan
, Marc K.C. Chong
, Zigui Chen
, Paul K.S. Chan
, Benny C.Y. Zee^*
, Maggie H. Wang^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Journal Publications and Reviews › RGC 21 - Publication in refereed journal › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

47 Downloads (CityUHK Scholars)

Abstract

Assessment of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) and identification of relevant influencing factors are the current priorities for optimizing vaccines to reduce the impacts of influenza. To date, how the difference between epidemic strains and vaccine strains at genetic scale affects age-specific vaccine performance remains ambiguous. This study investigated the association between genetic mismatch on hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes and A(H1N1)pdm09 VE in different age groups with a novel computational approach. We found significant linear relationships between VE and genetic mismatch in children, young adults, and middle-aged adults. In the children’s group, each 3-key amino acid mutation was associated with an average of 10% decrease in vaccine effectiveness in a given epidemic season, and genetic mismatch exerted no influence on VE for the elderly group. We demonstrated that present vaccines were most effective for children, while protection for the elderly was reduced and indifferent to vaccine component updates. Modeling such relationships is practical to inform timely evaluation of VE in different groups of populations during mass vaccination and may inform age-specific vaccination regimens.

Original language	English
Article number	619
Journal	Viruses
Volume	13
Issue number	4
Online published	4 Apr 2021
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040619
Publication status	Published - Apr 2021
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Funding

Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [31871340, 71974165], the Hong Kong Health and Medical Research Fund [INF-CUHK-1], and the Chinese University of Hong Kong Direct Grant [4054456,4054524].

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

Research Keywords

A(H1N1)pdm09
Age-related effects
Genetic mismatch
Influenza vaccine effectiveness

Publisher's Copyright Statement

This full text is made available under CC-BY 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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10.3390/v13040619

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title = "Differential Influence of Age on the Relationship between Genetic Mismatch and A(H1N1)pdm09 Vaccine Effectiveness",

abstract = "Assessment of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) and identification of relevant influencing factors are the current priorities for optimizing vaccines to reduce the impacts of influenza. To date, how the difference between epidemic strains and vaccine strains at genetic scale affects age-specific vaccine performance remains ambiguous. This study investigated the association between genetic mismatch on hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes and A(H1N1)pdm09 VE in different age groups with a novel computational approach. We found significant linear relationships between VE and genetic mismatch in children, young adults, and middle-aged adults. In the children{\textquoteright}s group, each 3-key amino acid mutation was associated with an average of 10\% decrease in vaccine effectiveness in a given epidemic season, and genetic mismatch exerted no influence on VE for the elderly group. We demonstrated that present vaccines were most effective for children, while protection for the elderly was reduced and indifferent to vaccine component updates. Modeling such relationships is practical to inform timely evaluation of VE in different groups of populations during mass vaccination and may inform age-specific vaccination regimens.",

keywords = "A(H1N1)pdm09, Age-related effects, Genetic mismatch, Influenza vaccine effectiveness",

author = "Lirong Cao and Shi Zhao and Jingzhi Lou and Hong Zheng and Chan, \{Renee W.Y.\} and Chong, \{Marc K.C.\} and Zigui Chen and Chan, \{Paul K.S.\} and Zee, \{Benny C.Y.\} and Wang, \{Maggie H.\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.",

year = "2021",

month = apr,

doi = "10.3390/v13040619",

language = "English",

volume = "13",

journal = "Viruses",

issn = "1999-4915",

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AU - Cao, Lirong

AU - Zhao, Shi

AU - Lou, Jingzhi

AU - Zheng, Hong

AU - Chan, Renee W.Y.

AU - Chong, Marc K.C.

AU - Chen, Zigui

AU - Chan, Paul K.S.

AU - Zee, Benny C.Y.

AU - Wang, Maggie H.

PY - 2021/4

Y1 - 2021/4

N2 - Assessment of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) and identification of relevant influencing factors are the current priorities for optimizing vaccines to reduce the impacts of influenza. To date, how the difference between epidemic strains and vaccine strains at genetic scale affects age-specific vaccine performance remains ambiguous. This study investigated the association between genetic mismatch on hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes and A(H1N1)pdm09 VE in different age groups with a novel computational approach. We found significant linear relationships between VE and genetic mismatch in children, young adults, and middle-aged adults. In the children’s group, each 3-key amino acid mutation was associated with an average of 10% decrease in vaccine effectiveness in a given epidemic season, and genetic mismatch exerted no influence on VE for the elderly group. We demonstrated that present vaccines were most effective for children, while protection for the elderly was reduced and indifferent to vaccine component updates. Modeling such relationships is practical to inform timely evaluation of VE in different groups of populations during mass vaccination and may inform age-specific vaccination regimens.

AB - Assessment of influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) and identification of relevant influencing factors are the current priorities for optimizing vaccines to reduce the impacts of influenza. To date, how the difference between epidemic strains and vaccine strains at genetic scale affects age-specific vaccine performance remains ambiguous. This study investigated the association between genetic mismatch on hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes and A(H1N1)pdm09 VE in different age groups with a novel computational approach. We found significant linear relationships between VE and genetic mismatch in children, young adults, and middle-aged adults. In the children’s group, each 3-key amino acid mutation was associated with an average of 10% decrease in vaccine effectiveness in a given epidemic season, and genetic mismatch exerted no influence on VE for the elderly group. We demonstrated that present vaccines were most effective for children, while protection for the elderly was reduced and indifferent to vaccine component updates. Modeling such relationships is practical to inform timely evaluation of VE in different groups of populations during mass vaccination and may inform age-specific vaccination regimens.

KW - A(H1N1)pdm09

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KW - Genetic mismatch

KW - Influenza vaccine effectiveness

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Differential Influence of Age on the Relationship between Genetic Mismatch and A(H1N1)pdm09 Vaccine Effectiveness

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Research Keywords

Publisher's Copyright Statement

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