Differential Evolution-based System for Net-zero Energy Buildings Under Climate Change

Net-zero energy building (NZEB) is considered a solution to the increasing energy problems. A proper system design is crucial for a NZEB to achieve the desired performance during its lifecycle. Most conventional design methods utilize TMY (typical meteorological year) data or multi-year historical data for NZEB system sizing. Due to the climate change, future weather data may differ considerably from these utilized data. Consequently, these designs may not guarantee NZEBs to achieve the expected performance during their lifecycle. Therefore, this chapter proposes a differential evolution-based system design for NZEBs under climate change. Using the predicted future weather data, the proposed system design can optimize building system sizes for minimizing its lifecycle cost with user-defined performance constraints satisfied. Three performance constraints were considered and they were thermal comfort, energy balance, and grid interaction. Using the real future weather data, the proposed design has been validated by comparing with two conventional designs (i.e., TMY data-based design and multi-year historical data-based design). The results indicated that the proposed design can achieve better performance in terms of lifecycle cost and constraints satisfaction. With improved performance, the proposed design can be used in practice for NZEB system sizing especially as climate change is considered. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023.